238 FLORA OF NEW ZEALAND. LAroidee. 
Nat. Og». LXXXV. AROIDEA, Juss. 
Gen. L TYPHA, 7. 
Amenta cylindracea, mascula et foeminea eodem culmo. Am. 3 superius, perianthio 3-setoso ; staminibus 
stipiti communi impositis, Am. 9 perianthio papposo ; ovariis stipitatis ; sžy/is capillaribus. Utriculi stylo 
coronati, evalves. 
The New Zealand Typha angustifolia very closely resembles the common English “ Reed-mace,” or ** Cat’s- 
tail” (by some called Bulrush), and is found in all parts of the globe: it forms a tall erect water-plant, growing in 
vast profusion in watery places, with a creeping rhizoma, which sends up tufts of very long linear leaves, and simple, 
reed-like, solid stems, 4—8 feet high, with two cylindrical, rich-brown, soft catkins; the upper of male flowers, 
lower of female, each 6—7 inches long. Perianth none, or of three soft long hairs. Male jl. :—stamens one or more, 
and monadelphous ; anthers cuneate. Female fi. a long spindle-shaped utricle, with a slender stalk and equally slender 
style, glandular towards the tip on one side.— Some species of this genus are found in all parts of the globe. Leaves 
used for building houses, thatching, etc. The blanched parts of the roots are eaten in many parts of the world. 
Of the pollen bread is made, as of the same species by the natives of Scinde. (Name from rupos, a marsh.) 
1. Typha angustifolia, L.; amentis remotis, foliis planiusculis. Br. Prodr. A. Cunn. Prodr. A. 
Rich. Flora. T. latifolia, Forst. Prodr. 
Has. Northern Island. Common in marshes, Cunningham, etc. Nat. name, “ Raupo,” Col. (A 
native of England.) 
An extremely variable plant. I find no difference, except in size, between this and the European 7. angustifolia, 
which is generally much smaller and more slender, varying extremely in this respect. 
Gen. II. SPARGANIUM, ZL. 
Amenta spheerica ; mascula superiora. Perianthii squame 3. FL. d. Stamina 3; antheris ovatis. 
Fr. 2. Achenium sessile, mucronatum. 
Water or marsh plants, found in various temperate climates, with erect herbaceous stems, long grassy linear 
leaves, and flowers collected into round heads or catkins, the upper male. Leaves in the New Zealand species, 
which is found in very many parts of the world, a foot long, + inch broad, channelled, sharp. Flowering stem 
slender, erect. Fem. fl. in three to six globose remote balls, + inch diameter, each in the axil of a linear spreading 
leaf. Perianth of three scales, which are probably reduced stamens. Male fl. in more numerous, smaller heads, 
without leaves. Stamens three, with ovate anthers. Fruit a ball, $ inch diameter, of dry, obovate, mucronate nuts, 
each obscurely trigonous, smooth, shining, 2-3 inches long. (Name from ormapyavov, a band; in allusion to the 
form of the leaves.) 
1. Sparganium simplex, Huds.; foliis planis basi trigonis, pedunculo florifero simplici, stigmate 
lineari, acheniis apice conicis. Engl. Bot. t. 745. 
Haz. Northern Island. In watery places, common, Bidwill, ete. Nat. name, “Maru,” Col. (A 
native of England.) 
Gen. TIT. LEMNA, £. 
Spatha membranacea, urceolata. Stamina 1-2; antheris didymis. Fructus utriculus 1—4-spermus. 
A. very curious genus, known as Duckweed in England, and found in most parts of the Temperate world. They 
are reduced to small floating scale-like fronds, with no distinct leaf or stem; they seldom flower, but increase by 
