258 FLORA OF NEW ZEALAND. [Lihacee. 
flowers; those of the foliage are very variable, and the allied Dracenas vary extremely in habit, according to the 
situation they grow in. : 
A 3. Cordyline indivisa, Kunth; trunco arboreo indiviso, foliis late lanceolatis valde crassis et coriaceis, 
panicula nutante densiflora ramis crassis, floribus densissime congestis.—Kunth, Enumeratio Plantarum. 
Draceena indivisa, Forst. ete. 
Has. Northern and Middle Islands. Dusky Bay, Forster. Foot of Ruahine mountains, Colenso. 
Thomson’s Sound, Lyall. Nat. name, “ Tikapu,” Col. 
Trunk 10 feet high according to Colenso (20 in the Middle Island), nearly a foot in diameter, undivided. 
Leaf very thick and coriaceous, 4—5 feet long, 5 inches broad, often glaucous below. Panicle 4 feet long, stout, 
drooping. Branches 8-10 inches long, very stout, densely covered with crowded pedicellate flowers. Perianth 
white, bell-shaped; segments oblong, + inch long, recurved.—Mr. Colenso says that the fibre of the trunk of this 
plant is extensively used in the manufacture of mats and garments, called “ Toii,” of which he has communicated 
one now exhibited in the Kew Museum of Economic Botany. 
Gen. VI. HERPOLIRION, Hook. fil. 
Perianthium spathis inclusum, 6-partitum, tubuloso-campanulatum ; laciniis subsequalibus, linearibus. 
Stamina 6 ; filamentis filiformibus, puberulis v. glabratis; antheris basi affixis, demum subtortis. Ovariwm 
3-loculare, oblongum, loculis multiovulatis; stylo filiformi; stigmate simplici.—Herbe Tasmanise ef Nove 
Zelandize ; rhizomate repente, radicante ; foliis pollicaribus, linearibus, acuminatis, subglaucescentibus, basi 
vaginantibus ; floribus + wwe. longis, solitariis, breve pedicellatis, spathis erectis—Genus Stypandre 
proximum. 
Small tufted herbs, allied to Stypandra of Australia, with wiry, creeping, underground stems, sending down 
fibrous roots, and having very short erect scapes, covered with the sheathing bases of linear recurved or spreading 
glaucous leaves, which are 1 inch long, acuminate, striate, folded down the middle, and appearing terete. Flowers 
yellow in H. Nove-Zelandie, solitary, almost sessile amongst the leaves, 4-1 inch long; bud enclosed in a spatha- 
ceous bract. Segments of the perianth linear, tips spreading. Stamens six; filaments pubescent. Ovary three- 
celled, with many ovules and one filiform style.—The other species (Z. Tasmanic) resembles this very closely, but 
is larger and has two or three spathes. (Name from épro, to creep, and Aıpıov, a lily.) 
| 1. Herpolirion Vove-Zelandie, Hook. fil. 
| Has. Northern Island. Plains near Taupo, Colenso. 
| Gen. VII. ASTELIA, Banks et Sol. 
Flores polygamo-dioici. Perianthium subglumaceum, campanulatum v. rotatum, 6-partitum, sericeum. 
Stamina 6. Ovarium 3-gonum, l- v. 3-loculare; ovulis plurimis paucisve; stylo brevi v. nullo; stigmate 
3-lobo. Semina plurima v. pauca; testa crustacea, atra, nitida; embryo brevis. 
À very remarkable genus, common in New Zealand, of which a few species are found in Oahu, one in Fuegia, | 
and another in Tasmania. All are densely tufted herbs, with a short creeping rhizoma, and very long leaves, more | 
or less covered with shaggy wool or silvery hairs. The large kinds form a conspicuous feature on the lofty New 
Zealand forest-trees, where, growing epiphytically on branches, they resemble gigantic birds’ nests: the smaller 
kinds inhabit marshes. The species being diœcious, I have had great difficulty in matching the sexes; nor could I 
have done this but for the drawings and descriptions of Banks and Solander, who alone, of all New Zealand 
collectors, seem to have attended to this point: as it is, I would warn the student of laying too much stress on my 
characters taken from the male plants. Cunningham confused. all the species and sexes, examined none, and 
