Cyperacee. | FLORA OF NEW ZEALAND. 269 
culatisque, involucro foliaceo polyphyllo, squamis aristatis integris bifidisve, nuce 3-gono.— Linz. Sp. Pl. 
Eng. Bot. t. 542. Br. Prodr. 
Has. Northern and Middle Islands, abundant, Colenso, ete. Nat. name, “ Ririwaka,” Col. (Common 
in England.) 
Abundant in Australia, and in many other parts of the world. —1-3 feet high. Roots often tuberous; eaten 
by pigs, and formerly by natives. Leaves flat, as long or longer than the triangular culm. Spikelets terminal, 
4-4 inch long, ovate, sessile or peduncled, surrounded with long involucral leaves. Scales glabrous or puberulous, 
membranous, ovate, blunt, entire or bifid, awned. Nut three-angled, obovate, compressed, with two to four bristles 
and two or three stigmas. Anthers long, twisted after flowering. 
2. Scirpus Zacustris, L.; culmo tereti aphyllo, spiculis ovatis umbellatis paniculatisve versus apicem 
culmi lateralibus, squamis glabris late ovatis ciliatis trifidis mucronatis, antheris apice appendiculatis, nuce 
trigona brevi obovata, setis 6 setulis reversis scabris. — Linn. Sp. Pl. Eng. Bot. t. 666. A. Rich. Flor. A. 
Cunn. Prodr. 8. medius, Banks et Sol. MSS. 
Has. Common in the Northern and Middle Islands, Banks and Solander, D Urville, ete. Nat. 
name, “ Ko pou pou," D Urville. (Native of England.) 
A very common plant in Australia and many other parts of the world, extensively used in England for matting, 
chair-bottoms, in coopering casks, etc.—Culms 2-8 feet high, rounded, sheathed at the base, spongy inside. 
Spikelets ovate, 4-4 inch long, lateral, panicled, sessile or peduncled. Scales broadly ovate, bluntly trifid, mucro- 
nate, ciliated. Nut short, trigonous. Styles two or three. Bristles six, margined with reversed sete. Anthers 
with an obscurely hairy point. 
3. Scirpus érqueter, L.; culmo triquetro basi folioso, foliis acute carinatis, spieulis lateralibus soli- 
tariis v. dense glomeratis, squamis glabris aristatis—Linn. Sp. Pl. Br. Prodr. Engl. Bot. t. 1694. 
S. glaucus, Banks et Sol. MSS. 
Has. Northern and Middle Islands, not unfrequent. Hast Coast, Banks and Solander, etc. (A native 
of England.) 
Found in Australia, and various other parts of the world.—Root creeping. Culms sharply three-angled, 1-2 
feet high. Leaves few, narrow, sharply keeled. Spikelets few or solitary, sessile in all New Zealand specimens 
(sometimes peduncled in those from other countries). Scales bifid and often ciliated, awned, very similar to, but 
smaller than in 5. maritimus, as are the nut, bristles, stamens, and style. Anöhers with a sharp point. 
Gen. III. ELEOCHARIS, Br. 
Spica (solitaria, axillaris v. terminalis) undique (rarius distiche) imbricata. Sgwama fere omnes 
floriferze, 3-andre. Sete hypogyne 4 v. plures, denticulate. Stylus 2-3-fidus, basi dilatatus, ovario articu- 
latus. Wuv trigona v. lenticularis, apice incrassata.—Herbx aphylle v. foliata, spica solitaria terminali 
v. axillari. 
A genus found all over the world, usually merged in Scirpus, but I have kept it separate on account of the 
different habit of the New Zealand species, which have leafless, cylindrical or trigonous culms, with a solitary 
terminal spike of flowers not differing from those of Scirpus, except in the distinctly jointed style, which falls away, 
and leaves a bulbous top on the nut. (Name from éAos, a marsh, and xaupw, to delight in.) 
1. Eleocharis sphacelata, Br.; culmo crasso articulato inani, spica cylindracea, squamis plurimis 
lineari-oblongis obtusis margine sphacelatis.—Br. Prodr. A. Cunn. Prodr. 
Has. Northern Island, in various marshy places, Cunningham, etc. Bluff Island, Lyall. 
Culms as thick as the finger, striated, hollow, with many close partitions. Spikes 1-2 inches long. Scales 
3x 
