282 FLORA OF NEW ZEALAND. [Oyperacee. 
oblongo v. subrotundo-ovatis biconvexis enerviis v. obsolete nervosis squamam ovatam subeeguantibus, 
stigmatibus 2. Boott, MSS. 
Has. Northern and Middle Islands; not uncommon in marshes. 
A large, very coarse, rigid, wiry, cutting Sedge, whose culms and roots form tussocks 2—4 feet high and a 
foot in diameter, in bogs. Culms 2-3 feet high, very slender, especially above, scabrid to the touch, sharply angled. 
Spikes very long, often nodding, branched below, with long lower branches that bear spikelets towards their ends. 
Leaves harsh, keeled, 13 line broad. 
8. Carex virgata, Sol.; spica elongata subsesguipedali angusta basi ramosa, ramis oblongis appressis 
inzequalibus omnino spiculiferis, infimis nudis v. longe setaceo-bracteatis, perigyniis subcordato-ovatis denti- 
culatis utrinque nervatis plano-convexis squamam ovatam seepe ciliolatam rigidam subsquantibus. Boot, 
MSS. C. virgata, Banks et Sol. MSS. C. collata, Boott in Lond. Journ. Bot. v. 3. p. 447. 
Has. Throughout the Islands; common in woods, Banks and Solander, ete. 
A coarse Sedge, resembling C. secta, but a native of woods, with much broader (2-3 lines broad) leaves, of a 
more grassy texture, and strongly nerved plano-convex perigynia. 
$ e. Spikes unisevual, or all, or the lower only, with male flowers below. 
* Stigmas two. Spikes unisevual. 
9. Carex subdola, Boott; spicis 5-7 sexu distinctis cylindraceis erectis solitariis v. geminatis, 
masculis 1-3, terminali longiore, infima cum spica feminea geminata, foemineis 3-4 solitariis v. supremis 
geminatis longissime bracteatis, superioribus approximatis sessilibus seepe apice masculis, infima remota v. 
radicali vaginata, perigyniis ovalibus rostellatis ore integro nervosis stipitatis squama oblonga emarginata 
hispido-aristata v. mutica longioribus v. subequantibus, stigmatibus 2. Boott in Linn. Soc. Trans. v. 20. 
p. 142. 
Has. Northern Island; woods and moist places. Bay of Islands, Colenso, etc. 
A slender species, 2-3 feet high, with narrow, grassy, smooth leaves, and trigonous culm that bears five to 
seven shortly peduncled, cylindrical, dark brown spikes; the latter are erect, solitary or two together, an inch long, 
and subtended by very long leafy bracts. 
10. Carex ternaria, Forst.; spicis 15-24 sexu distinctis cylindraceis multifloris evaginatis, & 1-6 
inferioribus geminatis, 2 8-18 geminatis ternatisve raro guinatis, superioribus sepe apice masculis inee- 
qualiter longe pedunculatis pendulis longissime bracteatis, perigyniis subrotundo-ovatis v. ellipticis obova- 
tisve ore integro v. emarginato nervosis ferrugineo-punctatis squama ovata v. lanceolata truncata v. emar- 
ginata rarius acuta longe hispido-aristata brevioribus, stigmatibus 2. Boott, MSS. Forst. Prodr. C. 
geminata, Schkuhr, Car. v. 15. C. polystachya, A. Rich. Flor. p. 111. t. 21. Fl. Antarct. p. 89. 
Has. Throughout the Islands, abundant, Banks and Solander, etc. Nat. name, “ Rautahi," Col. 
A large and very variable species, 2-4 feet high, with broad, slightly rough, grassy leaves, very long leafy 
bracts, and very numerous, pendulous, stalked, long and slender, or short and thick, black or green, cylindrical spikes. 
Flowers very dense, with spreading, long, hispid awns to the scales. —It is a native of Lord Auckland’s Group. 
11. Carex Zestacea, Sol. ; spicis 4 sexu distinctis contiguis, & cylindrica gracili, 2 3 ovatis oblongisve 
bracteatis infima brevi inserte pedunculata, perigyniis ovalibus vix rostellatis bifidis plano-convexis nervosis 
superne margine serratis apice purpureis lucidis basi pallidis squama emarginata hispido-aristata ferrugineo- 
punctulata medio pallida trinervi brevioribus angustioribusque, stigmatibus 2. Boott, MSS. Banks et Sol. MSS. 
Haz. Northern Island; Tigadu, Banks and Solander; Auckland, Sinclair. 
Culms filiform, a span to a foot high. Bracts very long and slender. Male spikes 7-13 lines long, 1 line 
broad ; females an inch long, robust, + inch broad, nearly sessile, pale yellow-brown. 
