Graminee. | FLORA OF NEW ZEALAND. 305 
involutis, panicula stricta erecta contracta, ramis pedicellisque brevibus strictis, glumis insequalibus acutis 
superiore 3-nervi, flosculis 6—14 confertis, palea inferiore glaberrima acuta coriacea, nervis inconspicuis, 
squamula oblonga. 
Has. Middle Island: Akaroa, Raoul. 
Culms 13-2 feet high, strict, stout, leafy throughout, perfectly glabrous everywhere. Sheaths of leaves long, 
striate, rather swollen ; ligula short, broad, membranous. Lamina short, 2-4 inches, subulate, strict, erect, involute. 
Panicle 4-6 inches long, very slender, strict, with short, stout, erect, appressed branches. Spikelets terete, rather 
crowded, pale-yellow, almost shining, 4 inch long. Florets six or seven to fourteen, closely imbricated. Glwmes 
unequal, sharp; upper three-nerved. Palee quite glabrous, coriaceous; lower sharp, with obscure nerves. Syuamule 
ovate.—Mr. Gunn has also sent me specimens of this plant from Tasmania; they are much larger than the New 
Zealand ones, but not otherwise different. 
Gen. XXII. KOLERIA, Pers. 
Spicule 2-1-Aore; floribus distichis. Gluma carinate, mutice, inequales. Palea inferior acuta, 
mutica, v. apice v. infra apicem breviter aristata; superior apice bifida. Syuamula 2, insequales, 2-3-fide. 
Caryopsis libera.—Gramina temperate hemisphere borealis australisque rara; culmis cespitosis ; foliis 
blanis ; paniculis confertis, spiceformibus ; spiculis pedicellatis. 
A small genus of Grasses, scattered over the temperate regions of the Northern hemisphere, of which one 
European and American species is found in Tasmania and New Zealand, and in many other parts of the world. — 
Culms tufted. Leaves flat or involute. Spikelets pedicelled, clustered into a dense cylindrical spike, small, two- or 
many-flowered. Glumes keeled, unequal, awnless. Lower palea sharp, awnless, or awned at the tip or back; upper 
bifid at the point. Seed free. (Name in honour of G. L. Köler, an author on French and German Grasses.) 
1. Keeleria cristata, Pers.; glaberrima v. vaginis foliisque puberulis, panicula spicata elongata erecta 
basi interrupta nitida, glumis subacutis 2—5-floris flosculis longioribus, palea inferiore dorso breviter aristata. 
~—Pers. Synops. Aira, Linn. Engl. Bot. t. 648. 
Has. Middle Island: Aglionby Plains, near Nelson, Monro. (Native of England.) 
A handsome Grass, 1-3 feet high, conspicuous for its white, shining, spiked panicle of compressed spikelets, 
with inconspicuous awns.—Whole plant more or less downy or glabrous. Leaves flat, a span long, narrow. Panicle 
spiked, erect, 3-5 inches long, interrupted at the lower parts. Spikelets very variable in size, imbricate, erect, two- 
to five-flowered.  Glumes shorter than the florets, unequal, acute. Lower palea with a short awn at the back below 
the point.— This is also a Tasmanian Grass, and is very common in Britain. 
Gen. XXIII. POA, Z. 
Spicula 2-8-flore; floribus distichis, hermaphroditis, nunc basi lanatis, interdum abortu dioicis. 
Gluma 2, mutice, subzequales. Palee 2, muticee; inferior carinata v. concava; superior bicarinata. 
Squamule 9. Stamina 2-8. Caryopsis libera, v. palese superiori adheerens.—Gramina plerumgue extra- 
tropica ; foliis planis, rarius setaceis; spiculis majusculis, pedicellatis, paniculatis, rarius racemosis v. 
sessilibus et spicatis, 
A very large genus, found in all parts of the world, but most frequent beyond the Tropics and in cold climates, 
where the species often form extensive pastures.—Leaves generally soft and flat, sometimes setaceous. Spikelets two- 
or many-flowered. Flowers sometimes unisexual, smooth or webbed with wool at the base, Glumes awnless, nearly 
equal. Lower palea blunt, awnless. Stamens one to three. Seed free or adhering to the upper palea.—The species 
of this genus are extremely variable, especially those of Australia and New Zealand, which often assume widely 
different forms. I have not united any of the New Zealand species with South American or European ones, though 
an are so very closely allied to these, that I can hardly discriminate between them; still the New Zealand species 
1n their prevalent forms are distinet and peculiar in habit. The confusion amongst the Northern species, complexity 
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