Lichene8.~\ 



FLORA OP NEW ZEALAND. 



287 



10. Parmelia moniliformis, Bab.; thallo subcoriaceo suborbiculari ad centrum tfiviso angustifolio 

 multifido, laciniis decumbentibus subliberis linearibus repetitim furcatis subcanaliculatis Iambus passim 

 subconstrictis, supra glaucescente-ochroleuoo nigro-punctato in senectute verrucoso rugoso, subtus tomen- 

 toso viffis crispatis brevibus umbrinis in pulvinulos subdiscretos moniliformes epidermide rupta seceden- 

 tibus, fibrillis rigidis paucis interjectis, apotheciis elevatis liberis subtus pubescentia umbrina crispata 

 villosis, disco castaneo margine juniore integro demum in senectute lobato crispato. (Tab. CXXYII. B.) 



Hab. Northern Island, on wood (of Conifer a), Colenso. 



A remarkable Lichen, and having its under surface very different from any other which I have seen. The brief 

 description of the barren P. relicina given by Fries (Syst. Orb. Veg. p. 283) agrees in some respects :—" thallo an- 

 gustifolio stellatim appresso polito pallescente, subtus margineque e villo stipatissimo eleganter crispo! aterrimo" 

 (Ins. Eawak) ; but the thallus in our plant is scarcely polished, and is certainly not aterrimus below. The P. re- 

 licina, ft Tries, Lich. Eur. p. 70, is referred by Montagne (Ann. des So. Nat. 1841. p. 115, et 1842. p. 19) to P. 

 timuosa, Ach„ which is assuredly a different species from the New Zealand Lichen; the appearance is not very 

 unlike that of the larger states of P. ambigua, Ach., or P. conspersa, stenophylla, Ach. (especially the free-growing 

 New Zealand forms) ; our species, however, has neither the pulverulent soredia of the one nor the coralline pro- 

 cesses of the other, but in old-age is full of very rugged nigro-punetate warts, through which the white medullary 

 stratum occasionally appears. P. leonora, Spr. (where described?), var. multifida, Flotow ! in Linnaea, 1843, p. 28, 

 agrees very fairly in its upper surface (to judge from a small specimen and the description), but the under' side is 

 altogether different, being simply furnished with long wiry fibrillae. The extraordinary appearance of the under side 

 (which is most apparent in the younger specimens) seems partly due to a tendency in this Lichen to a kind of con- 

 stricted and soon ruptured inflation. We have a specimen of this plant from South Australia, collected by Lhotsky, 

 for which, as well as for numerous other rarities, we are indebted to Mr. Borrer. — Plate CXXVII. B. Fig. ], 2, 

 plants, natural size ; 3, portion of ascus cut vertically ; 4, asci and sporidia ; 5, portion of gonimial stratum :— all 

 highly magnified. 



11. Parmelia parietma, Ach., Syn. Lich. p. 200. 



Hab. Northern Island ; on rock, bones, etc., fertile, Colenso, J. B. II. 



For the geographical distribution see Seemaim's 'Botany of the Herald,' p. 48, and add Cuba to the habitats, 

 on the authority of Montagne. The abnormal forms, as well as the type, occur in the southern hemisphere, and 

 much resemble those of our own. A state which differs little from var. concolor, Fries, has been gathered (sterile) 

 on bark by Mr. Colenso, as well as Lepraria flava, Ach., which is supposed to belong to the present Lichen. 



12. Parmelia chrysophthalma, Ach., Meth. Lich. p. 267. Fries, Lich. Eur. p. 75. (var. I.) P Sie- 

 beriana, Lam.! in Linn. 1827.*. 38. t. \.f 1. P. sp i nosa , Tayl.f Lich. Antarct. n. 69. 



Hab. Northern Island, Colenso. 



Thallus ascending, apothecia ciliated, agreeing with the English form and Schajrer's specimens, n. 389. Found 

 (especially on Rosacea) in most countries of South Europe adjoining the Mediterranean, also at both extremities of 

 the South Coast of England, on the West Coast of France, the Channel Islands, and the Canary Islands (on Cactus) ; 

 more rarely inland, as in Switzerland and parts of the south of France ; also in several parts of North America, es- 

 pecially those which are washed by the Atlantic. In the Soutli it adorns the horrid branches of the Cape Acacia 

 (Flotow), extends to New Holland, Tasmania, and Chili, but avoids the cold of the Antarctic regions. P. Siebe- 

 nana, Laur.! (P. spinosa, Tayl. ! exactly) is certainly this species, with the thallus finely cut, and the apothecia not 

 ciliated. 



§ 2. Physcia, Pries. 

 18. Parmelia pulverulenla, Ach., Syn. Lich. p. 214. Raoul, ut supra. 

 Hab. Middle Island: Cook's Straits, D'Urville. 

 1 have not seen specimens from New Zealand. 



