Lichenesl] 



FLORA OP NEW ZEALAND. 



289 



disco rubricoso tandem fuscescente marginemque excludente." — Mont, in Ann. des Sc. Nat. t. 11. p. 58. 

 (Ser. iii.) 



Hab. Northern Island, fertile, Colenso. (Yery sparingly collected.) 



A very handsome plant, which agrees in every respect with the excellent description of Dr. Montagne, recently 

 published. The ally of this Lichen is evidently P. plumbea, which, however, has a much thicker, radiately rugose 

 thallus : yet, in fact, C'occocarpia molgbdaa, Pers., as Dr. Montagne truly remarks, bears a greater general resem- 

 blance ; and I have seen specimens of Parmelia tiliacea by no means unlike it at first sight. On Mr. Colenso's 

 specimens some apothecia have a well-marked double border, one formed by the disc, another by the thallus. First 

 described from Chili specimens, collected by M. 01. Gay, and found last year in the Venetian Alps by Professor 

 Massalongo. 



20. Parmelia plumbea, Ach., Syn. Lick. p. 202. Fries, Lich. Eur. p. 87. Tayl. Lich. Antarct. 

 n. 55. 



Hab. Northern Island, /. D. H. 



Whether this species has been found in New Zealand seems doubtful; two or three specimens so named by 

 Dr. Taylor appear to me to belong to other species ; he indeed, as well as others, unites P. rubiginosa to P. plumbea, 

 and L. microphylla also, contrary to the views of Pries, whose arrangement falls in with such comparatively few 

 observations as I have been able to make on the living and dried plants. P. plumbea occurs in the west of Europe, 

 from Spain up to Nordland, also in the Canary Islands and Madeira, but is not included in Tuckermann's Lichens 

 of North America, and we have not seen a specimen from the southern hemisphere. 



21. Parmelia rubiginosa ? Ach., Syn. Lich. p. 202. Fries, Lick. Eur. p. 88. 



Var. /3. sphinctrina, Hook. fil. ! Fl. Antarct. p. 533; "thallo stellato lurido-cervino subtus badio 

 fibrillis brevissirnis matrici toti adglutinato, laciniato, laciniis centro concretis ambitu sublinearibus inciso- 

 multifidis subapplanatis margine squamuloso granulatis crenulatisque, apotheciis confertissimis margine 

 thallode striate" — Mont. P. sphinctrina, Mont.! Fl. Fernand. n. 84; ejusd. Voy. au Pole Sad, p. 180. jo^. 

 15. f. 3 opt. P. rubiginosa, Tayl.! Lich. Antarct. n. B6.pr.p. 



Var. <y. araneosa, Bab.; thalio coriaceo amplo foliaceo lobato appresso ambitu libero sinuato subcris- 

 pato, supra insequabili squamulis graniformibus obsesso viridi-rufescente madore paullum mutato, versus 

 margines araneoso-tomentoso, subtus subsericeo striato pallido nudo, apotheciorum disco castaneo-fusco 

 margine subfoliaceo crenato lobato subtus corrugato granuloso. 



Hab. Northern Island, Colenso. Var. /3. Northern and Middle Islands, abundant, Colenso, Lyall, 

 etc. Var. 7. Northern Island, creeping over Mosses and Jungermannice, on wood ; also apparently on the 

 ground or rock, Colenso, J. I). LI. 



A few specimens approach the European type in having the thallus unequable, the lobes shorter, and the blue 

 hypothallus distinct, but not exactly coinciding with it ; the greater part belong to a plant which may probably be 

 only another form of the same species, viz. to P. sphinctrina. This Lichen is closely allied, at all events, to P. rubi- 

 ginosa, Ach., but is very coriaceous, having the colour of Biatora lurida, as Dr. Montagne well remarks. It also 

 grows in patches close to the bark, so that the hypothallus is commonly almost obliterated, but an inspection of 

 numerous specimens has clearly shown me that it is really blue and spongy when perfect ; it must consequently be 

 regarded as an Amphiloma. The apothecia are remarkable, " margine ineurvo setate sinuoso crenulato-striato ;" but 

 P. rubiginosa sometimes produces fruit not dissimilar. P. sphinctrina is found in Juan Fernandez, Chili, the Ant- 

 arctic regions, and Tasmania. An imperfect specimen or two of this Lichen (or perhaps of P. rubiginosa) is pul- 

 verulent on the margins with a dirty white meal, looking very different from P. conoplea. An analysis of the Euro- 

 pean P. rubiginosa presented a very similar appearance to that of P. sphinctrina, as figured by Montagne, as respects 

 the form of the asci and sporidia. — In var. y. araneosa the thallus is several inches broad, stiff and hard, very 



vol. 11. 4 E 



