Lichenes.~\ 



FLORA OP NEW ZEALAND. 



297 



sibly have been included by authors under C. pungent I know not; the Engl. Bot. figure (t. 2444) is not altogether 

 unlike it, but Mougeot's specimens (n. 754) and Schaerer's (n. 459) seem different, the latter (if not both) belonging 

 to O.furccda. Bohler's specimen (n. 31) seems to be a state of 0. imcialis, although Scheerer (Spicil. pp. 311 and 

 562) refers it to his Exs. n. 81, which is manifestly a form of C.furcata. Fries speaks of the southern state of 0. 

 pungens as more remarkable than the northern : with this I am not acquainted. Dr. Taylor calls this Cenomyee ca- 

 pitellata in Herb. Hook., though it appears as 0. capiUata in the enumeration of Antarctic Lichens contained in the 

 Lond. Journ. of Bot., by a misprint, as it seems ; I have accordingly altered the name to Cladonia capitellata.— 

 Plate CXXX. B. Eigs. 1 and 2, plants, natural size; 3 and 4, magnified podetia; 5, vertical section of apothe- 

 emm ; 6, portion of the same, with asci ; 7, sporidia -.—all highly magnified. 



B. SCYPHOPHOKJ3, Ach. — Axils imperforate. Chips usually distinct. 

 * Apothecia brown. 

 7. Cladonia pyxidata, Hoffm. Fries, Licit. Furop.p. 216. 

 Hab. Northern, and Middle Islands, Colenso, Lyall. 



Bad specimens, but probably belonging to this cosmopolitan species, which can hardly be absent from New 

 Zealand. Mr. Colenso has also collected a form with epiphyllous apothecia [G. ccespititia, Auctt. pr. p.), which may 

 probably belong to C.pyxidata. These abnormal developments are best traced to their origin in their native stations. 

 The same gentleman has collected a curious plant, which I cannot safely refer to anything, though it is manifestly 

 abnormal, named by him Cenomyee viridis ; it grows on the trunks of some tree-fern {Bicksonia squarrosa, pro- 

 bably), and its thallus consists of green scaly powder (see Fries, p. 209), the apothecia being shortly pedicellate, with 

 a fleshy stem {Helopodium, Auctt.), and symphycarpous. The crust is almost like Lepraria viridis, and even invests 

 the fronds of Grammilis australis, which is epiphytical on the tree-fern. 



8. Cladonia verticittata, Florke, ut supra, p. 26. C. gracilis, a, vertiefflata, Fries, Lick. Fkrop. pp 

 218, 219. 



Hab. Northern Island, Colenso, J. D. H. 



Dr. Hooker's specimens are fine, quite agreeing with our British 0. cervicomis. Mr. Colenso's are very small, 

 but appear to belong to this species.— General in the northern hemisphere ; found also in Bourbon, Tasmania, New 

 Holland, and the Antarctic regions. 



9. Cladonia gracilis, Spreng. Florke, ut supra, p. 30. Fries, Lick Europ. b et c, p. 219. 

 Hab. Northern and Middle Islands, D'Urville, Colenso. 



United by Erics to the preceding, but Morke questions the propriety of the conjunction (p. 32). In the 

 middle of England, in districts where 0. gracilis abounds, I have never seen a specimen of C. verticillata, or of any 

 form which approaches it. In Scotland, where both are common in the same localities, they appear to' be always 

 distinct.— Perhaps as generally diffused as the preceding. 



10. Cladonia degenerans, Elorke, ut supra, p. 41. Fries, Licit. Fur op. p. 221. 

 Hab. Northern Island, Colenso. 



Mr. Colenso's plant agrees with Mougeot's specimens of 0. cariosa, Ach. (n. 850), referred by Eries to C. de- 

 generans.— An ambiguous species, more easily recognized than described, and very probably universally distributed, 

 being found over a great part of Europe and North America. 



11. Cladonia fimlriata, Eries, Licit. Europ. p. 222 {cum syn). 

 Hab. Northern and Middle Islands, Colenso, llaoul, etc. 



Mr. Colenso has gathered both the normal form and the var. radiata, Eries (L. radiatus, Auctt.).— A cosmo- 

 polite, as it seems. 



4 G 



