378 Miscellanies. 



Diluvial markings are common on the rocks, generally they run N. and 



S., while the strata bear N. E. and S. W. 



Boivldcrs are common^ some weighing twenty or thirty tons; m the 

 town of Avon there is a granite bowlder measuring 30x20 X 15 feet 

 9000 cub. feet or 643 tons; these bowlders have been removed doubtless 

 by ice and water from their native beds in the mountains to the north 



probably of the Mount Abraham range. There are also bowlders of 

 novaculite and magnetic iron ore, the latter with granite bowlders on the 

 summit of an insulated hill with an infinity of deeply worn diluvial fur- 

 rows, running N. 50° W. and S, 50° E., pointing directly to Saddleback 

 Mountains. Every part of Maine evinces, that since the consolidation of 

 all the rocks and the deposition of the tertiary clays, a deluge has swept 

 along forcing large masses of rocks from their parent ledges and deposi- 

 ting them in distant regions. 



Mount Abraham is 2470 feet hiorh above the base, and 3387 above the 

 sea. In a high mountain valley — June 16 — in very hot weather, the ex- 

 plorers found abundance of ice still solid beneath rocks and moss. In 

 Mount Vernon the strata of mica slate run N. E. and S. W., and dip in 

 opposite directions on each side of the granite, which in a vein 90 feet 

 wide and of unknown lencrth in the direction of the strata, has broken 

 through and elevated them. 



Tertiary deposits form the substratum of a large portion of the valley 



of Augusta, and rise from 88 to 100 feet above the level of high water on 

 the Kennebec. 



In Bloomfield, gypsum is rapidly formed by the decomposition of py- 

 rites, the soil affording the lime. At Cornville are rounded masses of 

 fine grauwacke, filled with impressions of terebratulae. 



Boundary hetween Canada and Maine. 



In lat. N. 45^ 48', long. 70*^ 82' W. from Greenwich^ the road crosses 

 the frontier at 2000 feet elevation above the sea in Portland harbor. 



On this hill or mountain, there is a new cottage formerly kept as a tav- 

 ern by a French creole by the name of De Longe — " a large sign is here 

 erected upon a post, on the dividing line, the British armorial bearings 

 being painted on the north side of it, and those of the United States 

 on the south." 



Fossiliferotis rocks. — A few miles from Moose river bridge, half a mile 

 north of Parlin pond, a bed of fine grauwacke was discovered, replete 

 with impressions of fossil shells, many perfect — among them terebratulie, 

 spiriferaB and turritell©. These fossiliferous strata, cross Moose river and 

 the head of Moose lake and extend far north to the Aroostock and from it 

 were evidently derived the numerous erratic fossiliferous bowlders which 

 cover the countrv to the outer islands of Penobscot bay and the mouth of 



