122 NEW PUBLICATIONS. 
have been entertained regarding the effect exerted by the luminous, 
the heating, and the actinic or chemical rays of the sun, and proceeds 
to give several interesting illustrations of the acclimatization of plants. 
It is a well-known fact that the temperature of the atmosphere and 
of the soil decreases inversely as the distance from the equator. Con- 
sequently, it might be supposed that a greater length of time would be 
required for the development of a plant the further it is found towards 
the north; and yet corn and plants will ripen under a much lower tem- 
perature and in a much shorter time in Norway than in countries more 
to the south. Dr. Schübeler has also remarked that when corn or 
other seeds are brought from a southern to a northern clime, they re- 
quire at first a longer time to ripen than the same species which have 
been cultivated there for some time. But after the lapse of two to 
three years they lose this peculiarity. And vice versd, that seeds 
brought from a higher to a much lower latitude will, in the first year 
or two, ripen earlier than the corresponding plants of the same spe- 
` cies which belong to that lower latitude. He has, moreover, noticed 
another peculiarity, viz. **so long as a plant is not cultivated further 
than it is able to attain its full development, the seed increases in size 
and weight for the first two to three years the nearer it approaches 
this limit; but it diminishes in like manner, if cultivated several de- 
grees further south.” Again: “The further north a plant is culti- 
vated, the more strongly does the pigment of the epidermis become 
developed. This peculiarity is very marked in several varieties of yellow 
peas and kidney beans. When cultivated however under a more 
southerly latitude, this peculiarity disappears.” 
Those who have travelled in northern latitudes cannot fail to have 
observed the intense brightness of the foliage, and the vivid colours of 
the flowers. But not only is this the case, but the aromatic proper- 
ties of fruits and plants may be perceived to increase the higher north 
they are found, while at the same time their sweetness diminishes in 
like proportion. This peculiarity has not escaped the notice of foreign 
horticulturists; thus Dr. E. Morren, in the * Belgique Horticole,’ 
remarks of a new variety of apple, the “ Kaupanger Apple,” introduced 
into Liége from Norway :—* Cette variété est particulièrement recom- 
mandable, et . . . pendant les trois mois qu'elle a pu étre conservée, elle 
n'a cessé de répandre un aróme fin et trés-pénétrant. La chair est 
ferme et aromatisée.” And again, in speaking of the précocité of trees — f. 
