194 ON A NEW CHARACTER IN THE FRUIT OF QUERCUS. 
G. Byzantinus, Mill. abs 
G. segelum, Gawl., including under this name G. eu-segelum, sii 
and G. Guepini, Koch. 
With regard to the other five alleged species, of which I have seen 
no specimens, it will probably be found that G. Reuteri, Bois., G. No- 
larisii, Parl., and G. spathaceus, Parl., are additional subspecies of 
G. communis; G. dubius, simply a synonym of G. eu-communis ; "and 
G. Inarimensis, Guss.; a pseudo-speeies made up of flowering speci- 
mens of G. communis, and fruiting ones of G. segetum, and if there has 
not been confusion of this kind, it may be a hybrid between the two. 
2. 
3. 
ON A NEW CHARACTER IN THE FRUIT OF quateus, 
AND ON THE BEST SUBDIVISION OF THAT GENUS. 
By ALPHONSE DE CANDOLLE. 
[Translated from the Biblioth. Univ. (Arch. des Sciences Phys, et Not) 
for October, 1862.] 
The general and differential characters of Querens have been much 
studied of late years, especially by M. Gay, whose accuracy is every- 
thing that can be wished. I was not then sur prised, in examining. the 
genus Quercus and its allies, for publication in the ‘Prodromus,’ to find 
most of the doubtful points cleared up. The only difficulties which 
I encountered relate to the limits of species and. their synonyms. 
- hope to speak of them on some future occasion, in a memoir where the 
examination of Oaks will serve as a basis for am inquiry into the ques- — 
tion of species,* and restrict myself now to pointing out a new character, 
and mentioning some other characters of the fruit which have not been 
hitherto studied in a sufficient number of species. 
Two excellent observers, André Michaux and his son, jas stated 
long ago, that some Oaks ripen their fruit at the end of the first year, 
and others in the course of the year following. This character has 
been neglected for half a century, but M. Gay has the merit of recall- 
* This inquiry has since been published in im ole? Nov. 1862, entitled “ iz 
sur l Espèce à l'occasion d'une révision dela F e des Cupul liferes," and an 
summary of it has appeared in a recent eie e pu f Naturel History vien. 
April, 1863.—Ep. 
