CONTRIBUTION TO THE HISTORY OF AROIDEOLOGY. 199 
referred to other, mostly newly-established genera. Thus, drum Dra- 
cunculus now constitutes the genus Dracunculus (species D. vulgaris) ; 
Arum Colocasia is Colocasia antiquorum ; Arum Arisarum is Arisarum 
vulgare (exclusis reliquis 4risaris olim permixtis) ; Arum proboscideum is 
Arisarum proboscideum ; Arum tenuifolium is now called (exclusis reli- 
quis speciebus commixtis) Biarum tenuifolium; Arum triphyllum, 
pentaphyllum, and Dracontium belong to Arisema ; Arum seguinum is 
the type of the genus Dieffenbachia, as Arum macrorrhizum is that of the 
genus Alocasia. Arum trilobatum and divaricatum are species of the 
modern genus Typhonium. Arum esculentum is now regarded as a variety 
of Colocasia antiquorum, produced by cultivation ; and drum ovatum, 
again more carefully examined, constitutes the genus Lagenandra, 
Arum sagittefolium, probably including several species, necessarily led 
to the establishment of the genus Xanthosoma. Arum arborescens, 
widely differing in its organs of fructification, had to be formed into 
a separate genus (Montrichardia), whilst drum auritum became the 
type of the genus Syngonium. Arum hederaceum and lingulatum, plants 
climbing on trees, had to be separated from the true dra, and received 
the appropriate name Philodendron (hederaceum and lingulatum). Arum 
peregrinum, known to Linneeus only from Cliffort's Garden, is in all 
probability nothing more than a young specimen of drum macrorrhi- 
zum (Alocasia macrorrhiza), it being stated to have “ folia peltata, 
usque ad petiolum cordata, . . . angulis rotundatis, . . . costis crassis 
instructa," which agrees with the <dlocasia from Java, at that time 
Cultivated in our gardens. Arum Virginium is in part Peltandra Vir- 
ginica. 
Respecting the synonyms of the above-named genera and species, as 
far as they belong to the period terminating with 1763, must be men- 
tioned that Dracunculus vulgaris was formerly called Serpentaria, An- 
guina, Dracontea, and Colubrina ; that Colocasia antiquorum went by 
the name of Arum Atgypticum, and Arisarum vulgare (the Italian plant !) 
by that of Arisarum latifolium. Biarum tenuifolium was known as 
Arisarum angustifolium ; Arisema triphyllum (atro-rubens !) as Dra- 
cunculus and Serpentaria ; Arisama pentaphyllum as Romphal (Zanon-) : 
Dieffenbachia as Canna. Indica venenata ; Typhonium divaricatum as Ne- 
lerischena major (Rheede) ; Lagenandra as Arum aquaticum (Rumph.) ; 
and Karinpola (Rheede) and Montrichardia as Aninga (Piso). 
However, investigations tend to show that many species already disco- 
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