88 PROCEEDINGS OF [June, 



accompanying weeds, gets Ihe better of them in luxuriance ; but after some days, 

 the contrary will be the case, and this is the proper time for transplanting them ; this 

 is done in holes, in rows three palms apart, four or five plants in a holo or hill, with 

 sufficient space for a plough to pass. Weeds pulled up, and the weakest of the 

 plants also, leaving only one in each hill. From the commencement of flowering 

 to the dying of the flower the field should not be entered, it being injurious to shake 

 the flower. If the plants become parched, water will restore them. If too luxu- 

 riant, no water, and even the head of the main shoot may be nipped off with the 

 naDs ; which is also requisite, at all events, when the plant is about a foot high, in 

 order to give force to the lateral branches, which produce more fruit than the main 

 shoot. 



The plant lives twelve years if well taken care of, and continues to produce; but 

 hero (in Andalusia) it is grubbed up after six years. The first year it is allowed to 

 grow at discretion, unless too luxuriant. It is to be pruned in the spring of the 

 second year, (that is, after having given one crop,) and trimmed down within six 

 inches of the ground, cutting all off close to the main stem ; next spring two 

 branches are left close down about six inches long from the stem, cutting all 

 others. Next spring all but three or four slioots are cut away in the same manner, 

 the strength of tlie plant being considered. After about four months it commences 

 to flower, and at this epoch every operation should be suspended that may shake 

 the bush or brush away the flowers. 



The plant has its infirmities, one of which is announced by the loaves turning 

 yellow and falling off by degrees ; this is particularly occasioned by sudden changes 

 of temperature and rapid transition from heat to cold. This is mostly observed in 

 May, and lasts about twenty days ; if repeated, it is very destructive. High winds 

 and frost, excessive heat or rain, with insects, &c., all are injurious to the plant, as 

 well as to many other objects of agriculture. 



From Dr. H. G. Bronn, Professor in the University of Heidel- 

 berg. — ( Translation.) 



Heidelberg, (Germany,) April 30, 1811. 

 The Zoological Museum of the University of Heidelberg, ofiers to foreign pub. 

 lie and private museums, principally to those wliich are not yet richly provided 

 with zoological objects coming from Germany or Europe, the exchange of the zoo- 

 logical productions of tlie respective countries, and proposes the following bases 

 for this exchange, to render as simple and as little costly as possible, the actjuisition 

 of oven the rarest specimens of zoology, 



I. The exchange may be made to embrace every zoological object, prepared skins 

 of vertebrated animals, reptiles, fish, mollusca, and worms, preserved in spirits of 

 wine, dried insects, expanded and attached to pins expressly manufactured for that 

 purpose, shells, &c. 



II. Considering the difiiculty and even the impossibility of finding — for a suite 

 of birds, for example — the real equivalent in insects, &c., and to avoid a long and 

 expensive correspondence between two distant countries, only animals of the same 

 class will be usually cxclianged, birds for birds, insects for insects. Only collections 

 somewhat more considerable will be exchanged at the same lime ; as, for example. 



