Miscellaneous Intelligence. 46J 



A cheap and elegant Method of obtaining the impression of Leaves and 

 Plants.— Take strong smooth wove paper, oil it well with sweet oil ; after it 

 lias been in oil a few minutes (or long- enough to soak through), rub oft* the 

 superfluous oil with a rag, then let it hang in the air to dry. After the oil 

 is well dried in, take a lighted lamp, and raise up the wick in the lamp, 

 that it may make a strong smoke ; then take the oiled paper, and hold it in 

 a horizontal position over the smoke, moving it slowly over the smoke and 

 flame (so as not to burn it) until it is perfectly black. The plants or leaves 

 of which you wish to take the impression should be pressed in the inside of a 

 large book ; when sufficiently pressed (which requires nearlj a day), take 

 them out, and lay the under side of the leaves carefully upon the oiled 

 black paper ; then lay upon the top of the leaves or plants some clean 

 soft blotting-paper, and press it equally in all parts with your finger, for 

 about ha'f a minute ; then take up your plants or leaves, and be careful not 

 to disturb their order, and place them on the book or paper (which should 

 be previously damped), on which you mean to have the impression: cover 

 them with a piece of blotting-paper, and rub it with your finger for a short 

 time, then take off the plants or leaves, and you will have an impression 

 superior to the finest engraving. The same piece of black paper will Serve 

 to take off a great number of impressions, so that, when you have once gone 

 through the process of blacking it, you may make several impressions in a 

 very short time. The principal excellence of this method is, that the paper 

 receives the impression of the most minute veins and hairs; you may thus 

 also obtain the general character of most flowers in a way much superior to 

 any engraving. The impressions may afterwards be coloured according to 

 nature. A soft, fine, wove paper, on which to take the impressions, and 

 which should be previously damped, makes them much more line and 

 beautiful. 



STATISTICS. 



From 1780 to 1806, the population of Amsterdam consisted of nine-tenths 

 of Christians, and one. tenth of Jews, which latter were excluded from all 

 liberal possessions, and confidential or honorable situations; the criminals 

 of that persuasion then had the proportion of one-ninth of the whole crimi- 

 nals. In 1806, the Jews obtained a partial relief, and the number of their 

 criminals diminished, till, in 1816, they formed only one-thirteenth. In 1811 

 they were completely emancipated, and during the five subsequent years 

 the criminals of theJewish faith were in the proportion of only one-twentieth 

 of the whole of all persuasions. 



On the difference in Mean Longevity hefween the Rich and Poor. (An- 

 ilities rf' Hygiene Publiqucet de Mcdccine. Legale, A vil, 1830.) — In the 

 •20th volume of this Journal, p. 212, a notice has been introduced among 

 the articles of Medical Intelligence, from the Researches of M. Villerme, of 

 Paris, on the relative mortality and longevity of the rich and poor orders of 

 society in the French capital ;' and from that notice it appeals, that in the 

 arrondissements of Paris inhabited chiefly by the rich, the annual mortality- 

 is from one in 43 to one in 54, while in those inhabited chiefly by the poorer 

 i :mks the mortality is so great as one in 24 or 25. This inquiry has been 

 since taken up by M. Benoistou de Chateauneuf, who arrives at the same 

 conclusion from different data. He restricts his researches to the very 

 highest and the very poorer ranks. 



For data as to the mortality of the former, he takes the various primes of 

 Europe, the great church signitaries, comprehending the whole cardinals, 

 and the archbishops of France, — the peers of France and England,— and the 

 lieutenant-generals, vice-admirals, presidents of the highest courts, directors 

 general, ministers and councillors of state in France. These, at the begin- 

 ning of 1820, formed a body of 1600 persons, whose ages extended from 

 twenty to ninety-five,— namely, 53 between twenty and thirty, 157 between 

 thirty and forty, 370 between forty and fifty, 391 between 'fifty and sixty, 

 :i(il between sixty and seventy, 189 between seventy and eighty, 78 between 

 righty and ninety, and one above ninety. The number of these individuals 



io died in the each of the ten years ending with 1829, was 57, 47, 49, 5fi, 

 |il, 46, 51, 50,46; which, taken together, form one-third of the whole! 

 Tlic mortality at different ages was as follows: Of those between the ages 

 "I *liirt> and sixty, about three and a quarter per cent, died annually ; l» 





