REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1914. 43 
ber of copies of the record in the form of India-rubber plates. The 
Franklin Institute machine, a collection of Mr. Berliner’s early ex- 
perimental apparatus, and specimens showing the various steps in the 
manufacture of the records form part of the exhibit. The gramo- 
phone was the forerunner of the Victor talking machines, good exam- 
ples of which, as also many of the latest Edison machines, are like- 
wise displayed. 
The Moses G. Farmer series of electrical apparatus, consisting 
largely of models from the United States Patent Office, is of much 
interest to the student of this subject. The earliest specimen, 1850, 
is the model of an electrical plant with wind vanes designed to use 
wind power in charging electric batteries for the operation of 
incandescent electric lights. There are also scores of other devices 
devoted to various purposes, extending down to 1882. In another 
case in this section are several original telegraph machines, includ- 
ing a duplex telegraphic apparatus and an electromagnetic fire-alarm 
device of 1859. 
In a wall case at the northwest corner of the hall is an exhibit of 
electrical lighting apparatus, representing many inventions and 
showing the wide interest taken in this branch. Among the names 
associated with the collection are Charles F. Brush; Hiram S. 
Maxim; Elihu Thomson; Matthias Day; William Wallace; Barton 
B. Ward; Henry Wilde; Nathanial S. Keith; C. J. Van Depoele; 
Edward Weston; E. J. Houston; N. E. Reynier; Samuel Gardiner, 
jr.; Collier & Baker; A. P. Berlioz; Paul Jablochkoff; and L. R. 
Longworth. On the upper shelf of this case are numerous models 
of miscellaneous appliances, such as automatic grain weighers, steel- 
yard balances, dredging machines, steam governors, pumping engines, 
rotary machines, and automatic cut-off devices for steam engines. 
Displayed in the southwest section are printing machines from the 
time of the Franklin press to the marvelous Hoe power press of to- 
day; typewriting machines, beginning with Thurber’s very simple 
contrivance and extending over a period of 70 years to the present 
time; astronomical instruments, microscopes, surveying and engi- 
neering instruments and appliances, including theodolites, sextants, 
compasses, zenith sectors, quadrants and barometers, and very spe- 
cially a case devoted to a remarkable series of Japanese surveying 
and measuring instruments; calculating machines of several types, 
the Whitney and other cotton gins, turning lathes and wood-pulp 
machines, besides electrical apparatus in overflow from other sec- 
tions of the hall. 
In the southeast section of the hall are installed the main part of 
the important exhibits relating to the electric telegraph, including 
the dynamos and other appliances. The electromagnetic telegraph 
system, invented and put in operation by S. F. B. Morse, provided 
