SOUTH AMERICAN NEMATOGNATHI. 65 



serrate behind. Distance of adipose fin from the dorsal 

 3f-4 in the lengtli, the adipose fin twice as long as high, 

 adnate, as long as the dorsal fin. 



Caudal forked, the upper lobe longer, 41^-4^ in the 

 length. 



Anal fin about as long as high, 2|-2j in the head. 



Ventrals lf-2 in head. 



Pectoral spine stout, li-ly in the head; granular in 

 front (serrate in the very young), striate on sides, serrate 

 along inner margin. 



Color purplish brown above, sprinkled with brown 

 dots below; fins about the color of the back. 



Head 3|; depth 5i-6; D. I, 7; A. 16-19. 



Numerous specimens examined .11-. 44 m. long. Porto 

 Alegre; Bahia; Nazareth, near Bahia; Rio Janerio; Para; 

 Porto Seguro; Sao Matheos; Cannavierias. 



36. Tachisurus parkeri. 



Silurus 2:>arkeri Tr&ill, Mem. Wern. Soc. 1832, vi, 377, pi. 6, fig. 1 



(muddy waters of rivers of Guiana); Schomburgk, Fish. Brit. 



Guiana, part i, 188, 1843 (Guiana). 

 Arius parkeri Gilnther, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus. v, 153 (copied). 

 Galeichthijs parkeri Jordan, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 1886, 559 (name 



only). 

 Tachisurus parkeri Eigenm. & Eigenm. Proc. Cal. Acad. 2d Ser. vol. 



i, 1888, 141 (name only). 

 Arius quadriscutis Cuv. & Val. Hist. Nat. Poiss. xv, 111, 1840 



(Cayenne; Mana); Kner, SB. Ak. Wieu, xxvi, 1857, 389 (Para). 

 Netuma quadriscutis'Qleekev, Silures de Suriname, 59, plates viii and 



xiii, fig. 2, 1864 (Surinam). 

 Habitat: Northern coast of South America. 



37. Tachisurus grandicassis. 



Arhis grandicassis Cuv. & Val. Hist. Nat. Poiss. xv, 54, pi. 427, 1840 

 (Guiana? ); Giinther, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus. v, 153 (copied). 



Galeichthys grandicassis Jordan, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 1886, 559 

 (name only). 



Tachisurus grandicassis Eigenm. & Eigenm. Proc. Cal.'Acad. 2d Ser. 

 vol. i, 1888, 141 (Maranhao; Bahia). 



Body cylindrical in front, tapering to a slender cau- 

 dal peduncle. Head greatly depressed, profile almost 

 5 



