SOUTH AMERICAN NEMATOGNATHI. 329 



inserted nearer tip of snout than to tips of middle caudal 

 rays, reaching to the vent. 



Color faded; light below, dark above. 



Head 6i (7 in the total); depth 6; D. 21; A. 10. 



258. Pygidium maculatum. 



Trichomt/ctrrii^ }naculafi(s Cuv. & Val. Hist. Nat. Poiss. xviii, 493, 

 1846 (Sau lago); Gay, Hist. Chile ii, 311, 1848 (Chile); Giluther, 

 Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus. v, 273, 1864 (copied); Philippi, MB. Ak. 

 Beii. 716, 1866 (Chile). 



Thrkhomycteriis maculatusGiraxA^'U .^. Naval. Astroin. Exped. 243, 

 1855 (Eio Mapocho) in part. 



Pygidium maculatum E. & E. Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. 2d Ser. ii, 51, 

 1889 (Eio Mapocho, Chile). 



Habitat: Western slo^jes of Central Chile. 



The Smithsonian Institution presented the Mus. Comp. 

 Zool. with three specimens, No. 7,736, of Pygidium, col- 

 lected at Mapocho, Chile, during the astronomical expe- 

 dition. If these are the specimens mentioned by Girard 

 his maculatiis is a composite of maciilatus and areolatus as 

 the specimens belong to these species. The specimens 

 are, however, all somewhat smaller than Girard's figure. 



Elongate, somewhat compressed, head as long as wide, 

 caudal peduncle long and slender. Eye small, midway 

 between tip of snout and end of opercle. Lips and lower 

 surfaces of the head thickly covered with warts. Gill- 

 openings not continued forward to below the eye, the 

 membranes joined to the isthmus for a distance equal to 

 one-third the width of the mouth. 



Pectorals rounded, the first ray not produced; origin 

 of dorsal in front of the vent, but some distance behind 

 the ventrals, equidistant from tip of snout and tip of 

 caudal, its last ray over the last ray of the anal. Caudal 

 long, truncate. Anal short and high, its height about 

 equal to the length of the caudal, its distance from the 

 base of the caudal 3| in the length. Origin of the ven- 

 trals equidistant from tip of snout and base of caudal; 

 their tips reaching beyond the vent. 



