428 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 



ANALYSIS OF THE SPECIES OF PTERYGOPLICHTHYS. 



a. luteropercle small, with few or uo spines. 



b. D. I, 10. undecimalis 398. 



hb. D. I, 11; occipital roof-shaped; light brown, everywhere thickly 



covered with darker dots; membrane of adipose black. Head 2f-2|. 



e teniae ulatu in 399. 

 bbb. D. I, 12-13, rarely I, 11 in par dalis. 



c. Occipital with a prominent ridge or knob; base of the dorsal at 

 least eqnal to its distance from the tip of the snout. Light or very 

 dark brown, everywhere with large and smaller spots of darker. 



(jihbicejm 400. 

 ■ cc. Occipital with a low median ridge or keel. 



d. Head and body spotted; dorsal fin as high as long; caudal fin 

 long, obliquely rounded, its lowest ray 2 in the length. 



punciatus 401. 

 dd. Head with narrow vermicnlating lines, body spotted. 



e. Orbit 3-4J in the snout. pardalis 402. 



ee. Orbit 6-^ in the snout. (Cope.) jeanesianuN 403. 



ddd. Uniform, ferruginous gray; D. I, 13. multiradiatus 404. 



aa. Interopercle large, freely movable, bearing a cluster of numerous 



setiform spines; dark brown with light spots and bars. 



lituratus 405. 



398. Pterygoplichthys undecimalis. 



Cha-tontomus undechnalls Steindachner, Fisch-fauna des Magdalenen 

 Str. 27, pi. viii, 1878 (Magdalen Eiver); Steindachner, Fisch- 

 fauna des Cauca and Fltisse bei Guayaquil, 13, 1880 (Cauca). 



Pierygoplichihys undecimalis Eigenm. & Eigenm. Proc. Cal. Acad. 

 2d Ser. ii, 44, 1889. 



Habitat: Eio Magdalena and tributaries. 



399. Pterygoplichthys etentaculatum. 



Hypostoma etentaculatum Spix, Gen. Spec. Pise. 7, plate iv, figs. 1 

 and 2, 1829 (Brazil). 



Pteryfjoplichthi/s etentaculatum Eigenm. & Eigenm. Proc. Cal. Acad. 

 2d Ser. ii, 44, 1889 (Eio San Francisco below the falls). 



Hypostomus duodeeimalis Cuv. & Val. Hist. Nat. Poiss. xv, 498, 

 j)late 454, 1840 (Eio San Fi-ancisco; Saint Hilaire). 



Pierygoplichthys duodecimalis Giinther, v, 251, 1864 (Eio San Fran- 

 cisco). 



Hypostomus brevitentaculatus Eanzani, "Nov. Comm. Ac. Sc. Inst. 

 Bonon. 1842, 328." 



Ancistrus longimanus Kner, Hypostomiden, 283, 1853 (loc. ? ). 



Habitat: Eio San Francisco. 



There can be little doubt about the identity of etenta- 



