454 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 



lower surface of the paired fins, thickly covered with 

 short bristles. 



Distance of the dorsal fin from the snout 2|-2| in the 

 length; dorsal fin with a flat spine as high as the orbital 

 diameter, the greatest height of the fin about equal to 

 the length of the base, the 2d, 3d, 4th and 5th rays of 

 about equal height; the adipose fin composed of a short 

 curved spine about as long as the snout, and a thin tri- 

 angular adnate membrane, its posterior margin truncate, 

 immediately in front of the caudal fin. 



Caudal broad, rounded, 4-4| in the length. 



Anal short, rounded, its margin extending a little be- 

 yond base of caudal fin. 



Ventrals rounded, inserted below the posterior half of 

 the dorsal. 



Vent between or little posterior to the bases of the last 

 ventral rays. 



Pectoral spine short and thick, 4-5 in the length; ser- 

 rate on its inner margin in the yonng; the sides and outer 

 margin thickly covered with bristles. 



Color light or dark brown ; fins plain or with minute dark 

 dots; two median rows of light round spots on the sides, a 

 minute pore in the middle of each spot; each lateral plate 

 with a narrow black line, parallel with the margin of 

 the plate, extends upward and downward from each of 

 the white spots. 



Head4^-4f; depth 4|-5i ; D. I, 7-8; A. 6-7; V. 6; 

 P. I, 7; Lat. pi. t|:|4. 



Over fifty specimens, .055-. 17 m. Pernambuco; Juiz 

 de Fora; Rio Janeiro; Bahia; Mendez; Macacos; Porto 

 Seguro; Surinam. 



The young of this species difi'ers decidedly from the 

 adult. The teeth in the lower jaw form a narrow band 

 along the entire lower jaw. The fontanel reaches the 

 occipital and is divided near its middle by a transverse 



