^°''m6^"^] Warren, Birds of the Elk Mountain Region, Colo. 315 



spruces. One was seen on Spring Creek, at the foot of Ragged Mountain^ 

 about. 8,000 feet, May 14, 1902. 



Oporornis tolmiei. MacGillivray's Warbler. — Summer resident 

 and breeder; not uncommon. I do not know its vertical range, above 

 9,000 feet at least. As related under Wright's Flycatcher, a pair appeared 

 to have a nest at Hillside Ranch, though I failed to locate it after diligent 

 search. June 15, 1902, I did find a nest in the bushes on the shore of Hill- 

 side Lake. It was empty then, but on the 22nd contained 4 eggs, which 

 were unhatched on the 29th; July 4 there were young in the nest. 



Wilsonia pusilla pileolata. Pileolated Warbler. — Common sum- 

 mer resident and breeder; from my observations made in 1915 I think 

 about 9,500 feet marks the lower limit of its breeding range as after the first 

 week in June I found none below that altitude, though common enough 

 about the willows along the streams higher than that. A family was seen 

 at Hillside Ranch, September 7, 1902. 



Anthus rubescens. Pipit. — Summer resident and breeder, living 

 from near timberhne up; have seen it at these elevations as late as Sep- 

 tember 23, 1902. June 27, 1903, I found a nest on the grassy slope above 

 Elk Basin, containing 4 eggs. The nest was quite deep, and hidden under 

 a bunch of gi-ass facing southwest, being almost entirely concealed. July 

 13 I visited the nest again, found 3 young about two thirds gi'own and one 

 unhatched egg. October 7, 1910, several were seen by the roadside not 

 far from Crested Butte. 



June 11, 1915, I ascended the south slope of Mt. Emmons to the summit, 

 a little over 12,000 feet. The season was late, and everything was covered 

 with snow, probably averaging three feet in depth, only a few bare patches 

 being visible. On this snow I found many insects, all of them alive, and 

 apparently carried there by the wind. Just above the limit of the large 

 Engelmann's Spruces I saw one or two Robins on the snow picking up 

 these insects, which were found from this line up to the summit. Higher 

 up Pipits were feeding on them also. A number of the insects were secured 

 and were identified for me by the Biological Survey, which reported four 

 species of Hemiptera, two of Hj'menoptera, two Diptera, and one Coleop- 

 tera. At this date the Pipits seemed to be paired, though probably had 

 not yet built nests, as there was no place for them to build except on the 

 snow. 



Cinclus mexicanus unicolor. Water Ousel. Dipper. — Fre- 

 quently seen along the streams in summer, in fact all through the season 

 of open water. There are usually one or two about Hillside Ranch in 

 winter, where there is always some open water at the outlet of the lake, and 

 also a little below where water from springs flows into the outlet and keeps 

 open places here and there. A pair had a nest at Carey's on Muddy Creek, 

 and were said to have nested there for several years. C. F. Frey said a 

 pair nested in the same place near the Watson ranch on Anthracite Creek 

 for a number of years. 



Dumetella carolinensis. Catbird. — A pair nested for three years 



