360 Rathbu.n, Birds of Crescent Lake, Wash. [qcI^ 



is also more open in its appearance, having been somewhat logged 

 off in the past and to some extent swept by fires. 



About three miles up the lake from its outlet is the " narrows," 

 so called locally, this being a contraction of the lake to a width not 

 exceeding one half a mile. Here the mountains rise on the western 

 side to an elevation of 2S00 feet, on the eastern side to 5300 feet, 

 thus forming a gateway to the upper or larger portion of the lake 

 lying within the Olympic Mountains proper, Avhich attain an ex- 

 treme altitude of 3550 feet on the north side and 5000 feet on the 

 south side. These two ranges do not coalesce but remain separate, 

 the former continuing in a general westerly direction paralleling 

 the strait, the latter trending more towards the southwest, while 

 between them lies a valley running from the head of the lake and 

 eventually descending to the Soleduck River which flows westerly 

 and southwesterly, discharging its waters into the Pacific. 



We have been thus explicit regarding the topography of the region, 

 as in a degree it is reflected in the distribution of some of the spe- 

 cies, several of which were found confined entirely to the lower end 

 of the lake, while in others a marked difference existed in the relative 

 abundance of the individuals at its two extremities. 



All the altitudes given above are based on the contour map 

 accompanying the paper from which the following data relative 

 to forest conditions are quoted.^ 



"Township 30 North, Range 9 West." " This township, lying 

 in the northern part of the reserve, includes nearly all of Lake 

 Crescent. The surface of the township is rugged and mountainous, 

 the only exception being along the north line and the valley of 

 Lyre River. The soil is clay in the lowlands and gravel upon the 

 mountains. Underbrush is very dense. This township is heavily 

 timbered, mainly with fir and hemlock, with a little cedar and 

 spruce." 



"Forest conditions in T. 30 N., R. 9 W. 



Timbered area acres • 22,336 



Lake area do 4,352 



Burned area do 1,115 



i Professional Paper No. 7 — Series H.-Foftstry," 4. Department of the Interior, United 

 States Geological Survey, Forest Conditions in the Olympic Forest Reserve, Washington, 

 from notes by Arthur Dodwell and Theodore F. Rixon. Government Printing Office, 

 Washington, 1902. pp. S6-S7. 



