44 On Coiouring Materials produced 
This earth has a very deep and rich hue, and with white iv 
various proportions it gives all the tints which the best yellow 
ochres afford. Burnt, it gives a light red resembling that 
formed by burning yellow ochre, but imclining more to orange. 
It is an opaque colour, and mixes well with oif or with 
water ; and in oil it dries well. 
The Magdalen Islands, in the gulf of St. Lawrence pro- 
duce a red earth which is brought to Quebec in lumps. Ia 
these are interspersed minute portions of some white sub- 
stance, which seems of the same consistence as the red earth, 
The texture of this earth is extremely fine, aud the quan~ 
tity of foreign gritty matter deposited on washing it in water 
inconsiderable. Et nearly resembles Endian red. I do not 
perceive any inferiovity, or any other difference than this— 
that the Canadian earth, in its natural state, is rather the 
paler of the two, with more of the hue of red lake—yet it is 
a very deep red, quite as deep as can be required for any pur- 
pose in painting. Bnrnt, it becomes more bright. With 
white the tints are all beautiful, ‘Fhose formed from the 
raw material partake of the hue of red hake, and those made 
with burat earth seem tinged with vermillion. This sub- 
stance, both in its natural and in its prepared state, might 
be worthy the attention of artists, being quite as beau- 
tiful, and probably as useful, as Indian red. In price there 
is great disparity, the red earth being sold at Quebec for 
three pence a pound, which is only half the price of common 
red ochre, (burnt sulphate of iron), and the price of Endiam 
red being in London above two shillings an ounce. Yet all 
the red ochres, whether native or artificial, which are used in 
the arts, are, with the single exception of Ladian red, inferior 
to this earth. 
The red earth is somewhat transparent, but by no means 
sufficiently so to be removed from the class of opaque colours. 
It mixes with oil, and with water, and in oi! it dries readily. 
At St. Paul’s Bay, on the north shore of the St. Lawrence, 
60 miles N. N, E. of Quebec, an earth is washed down from 
the 
