46 On Colouring Materials produced 
plant still remain unchanged, after exposure in a similar si+ 
tuation during two years. This plant is called by the Hu- 
rons T'savooyan, It is found of superior quility in the intes 
rior, The Ifurons derive their supply from Caughnawaugha, 
although their woods at Lorette produce it. Its root, when 
dry, is scarcely thicker than a coarse thread, and runs hori- 
zontally through the loose soil formed in the woods by the 
decay of fallen leaves. Its stalk is four sided, furnished with 
short retroverted hairs, and is surrounded at intervals by small 
oval leaflets forming a Star. The stalk, from its length and 
weakness, becomes procumbent. It is a galium, On exe 
traction from the soil, the root is frequently quite colourless 
and transparent, resembiing undyed silk ; but in a few mi- 
nates after extraction it acquires its dark hue, and the pro- 
perty of yielding its brown and its red colours. Another 
plant grows in similar situations, which has the same name of 
Tsazooyan, but which does uot resemble madder: The 
roots, and the roots only, of both Tsanooyans, have some ex- 
ternal resemblance, but differ in many respects. ‘The latter 
is bright yellow, the former deep brown. The latter is not 
used in dying, but is valued as affording an agreeable bitter, 
and as having the property; when chewed, of curing some 
kiuds of sore mouth, 
The Indians dye a very bright and durable yellow; with the 
seeds of a shrub common on the banks of rivers and lakes. 
The leaves are fragrant, the seeds very aromatic, and the 
plant has the aspect of a dwarf willow. It is probably my- 
yica gale, The Hurons call it Ovtsigooara Osooqua, which 
signifies yellow dye stuff. 
A very rich and durable brown for dying, and a lake of the 
same colour for painting, are afforded by the outer husk of 
the butternut. (Juglans cathartica.) The colour is copiously 
extracted by infusion in warm water, and may be precipitated 
either by alum or muriate of tin—and if by the latter, it will 
dry the quicker in oil. It is of a tint intermediate between 
those of asphaltum and prussiate of copper, 
The 
