1817.] during the Year 1816, 69 
Such is the arrangement of minerals which Berzelius has given. 
The formulas which accompany most of the species will enable the 
reader to judge of the composition of each according to the view of 
the subject taken by Berzelius. ‘These formulas have been explained 
by Professor Berzelius himself in the Annals, iii. 51, and. in his 
Attempt to establish a pure scientific System of Mineralogy, p. 45 
(English translation). A paper on this subject by Dr. Schubert has 
been published in Schweigger’s Journal, xv. 200, in which he en- 
deavours, from the best analyses hitherto made, to determine by 
the rules of Berzelius the chemical composition of a great variety 
of miverals. ‘This paper is entitled, Einige Bitrage zu den stochio- 
metrischen Berechnungen des Mischungsverhaltnisses der Fossilien. 
Its Jength puts it out of my power to give an account of it here; 
but it deserves the attention of those persons who are engaged in 
studying this interesting but intricate subject. A comparison be- 
tween the conclusions of Berzelius and Schubert will show how far 
they agree, and may serve in some measure to determine the degree 
of accuracy which has been already attained. 
4. Iolite. —Dr. Leopold Gmelin has analyzed the iolite, or 
dichroite, a mineral brought from the Cap de Gate in Spain by a 
French mineral dealer, and first established as a peculiar species by 
Werner. He found its constituents as follows :— 
SC Dias tes Lasruscnhs ak teeatiran simrebo teeta etc 
POUMINE EE & 0 S.ctse vadssaibe he bis: entichen cuen (rae 
Magnesia ......... vecnned eines te Ri at sie:01) "9 SAB 
Bane ye ees ess Bs id cb satapae aca hayer State ds sb Mau dar 
Pi GtORIe OR TON) i. als Good) ae eat 
Onide pf manganese:¢ i \a.x:-m wee dpe emer AT 
101°2 
The mineral called saphir d’eau, which comes from India in 
grains about the size of an almond, and usually pierced, was like- 
wise analyzed by him. He found its constituents as follows :— 
Eg ie lee ai eg ge eee  fperns 
PED ao ee ‘icin @eraly sae. wee 
eS TRE A snameul wikia eae eteeeiene 
MN ge png healed sa) ig ica ta ’erine cath omen 
Toten? os £19 'e) 9) ashe papwpyaipie © ava, MARL 
BOMORIGS OT iIOS 5. 6 «s-n'ie-e overasd wole omarciar 4D 
Oxide of manganese ...... lepin dara' Oa a) APACE 
99°5 
From this analysis it is obvious that the saphir d’eau is not a 
variety of quartz, as has been hitherto pretty generally supposed. 
It appears to be nearly related to iolite. (See Schweigger’s Journ, 
xiv. 316, 
5. Magnesi/e.—This is the name given by mineralogists to native 
carbonate of magnesia, which was first discovered by Dr. Mitchell. 
Professor Haussmann has lately discovered a new subspecies of this 
