1817.] Wahlenberg on the Carpathian Mountains. 14} 
Vienna, where he had the means of obtaining more accurate infor- 
mation respecting several of the subjects which he was investigating. 
I shall now endeavour to lay an abstract of Dr. Wahlenberg’s in- 
troductory dissertation before my readers :— 
His barometrical measurements are founded upon the following 
data, which he considers as established by his own observations :— 
1. The more mutable the temperature of the air in any country 
is, the greater are the variations of the barometer in it. 
2. The barometer oscillates most at those seasons of the year 
when the temperature varies most. 
3. The barometer oscillates more in high mountainous regions 
than in great plains. 
4, In general the mercury of the barometer falls in rainy and 
cold weather. ; 
The height of the observatory at Buda above the level of the sea 
is 508 English feet. 
The following table exhibits the elevation of the Danube above 
the level of the sea :— 
At Vienna ...... sescevcccccses 4461 Eng. feet 
Pinesbni 7g & ty raatave ds ote steaatend si», 330 
i 65 aie ial The ne atte ppg siny SD 
Bai aches cicpaie haem elce cee 
The elevation of the observatory at Vienna above the sea is 5661 
English feet. 
The Carpathian mountains are situated between N. lat. 48° 55’ 
and 49° 15’, and extend about 14° of long. The furthest west is 
denominated Fatra. It runs north and south, and is divided into 
two by the river Waag, which passes through it on its way to the 
Danube. The following peaks are the highest of this mountain 
measured by Wahlenberg :— 
3 a AD ag a Rad tte ee 8 5196 Eng. ft. 
Rrra sree: se 5648 (about) 
Relommere he soe hah 4442 
Czerny-kamen ........ .... 4583 (about) 
From Fatra there runs a chain of mountains east, terminating in 
the great Carpathian Alps. Of these the only one of considerable 
height, before approaching the castern Alps, is Chocs, the eleva- 
tion of which above the sea is 5236 feet. About 12 miles east from 
Chocs the great Eastern Alps begin. This chain can in fact be 
considered only as one great mountain about 24 miles in length, and 
10 miles in breadth. ‘Towards the west the high portion is much 
narrower than towards the east, and the highest elevations of all are 
towards the eastern end. This immense mountain mass contains 
various plains and valleys, and a good many lakes are to be found in 
it. ‘To this mountain the inhabitants of the country have given the 
