160 Scientific Intelligence. {Fes. 
Il. New Swedish Minerals. 
Professor Berzelius was employed during last summer along with 
Assessor Gahn in examining the minerals in the neighbourhood of 
Fahlun. The mine of Finbo is in a granite vein which traverses 
gneiss. At the place where the pyropbysalites and yttroceratites 
have been found, this vein is more than 12 feet wide. But they 
have not yet been able to trace out its length. During their exami- 
nation of this vein, they discovered several new minerals, of which 
the following are the most remarkable. 
1. Orthite, so named because it always forms straight radii. It 
resembles gadolinite, but differs in its fusibility, 1t is composed of 
ilica< | la Aee EAE LID S.41 2 Oo 
ime Vink SL weats tees Gt OO eee 
Aldmima \oia. Hee Be re eR Oe ae 
Protoxide of cerilum........e.sese0- 19°50 
Protoxidejoffiron' Sb 22) .48 ee as. Tt 
Protoxide of manganese ...+......+. 3°44 
Water re Fo eve coe hae se oe Tae ee ee 
Water? 228 See a Pow anes | Soe 
98°82 
2. Neutral fluate of cerium, crystallized in regular six-sided 
prisms. It is composed of 
Fluate of protoxide of cerium........ 30°43 
Fluate of peroxide of cerium ........ 68°00 
98°43 
with some traces of fluate of yttria. 
3. Subfluate of cerium. In it the fluoric acid is combined with 
twice as much of these bases asin the preceding mineral. It has a 
strong resemblance to porcelain jasper. Its colour is yellow, and 
its form gives marks of crystallization. 
4. Fluate of yttria. It contains a good deal of silica. But Ber- 
zelius is not yet certain whether or not it be a fluosilicate. 
The mine of Finbo yielded likewise a quantity of red opake 
emeralds, yttro-tantalites, and zircons. The fluates above enume- 
rated are very rare. Only four or five pieces of the subfluate of 
cerium were found. 
At Kararfvet, situated on the other side of Fahlun, there is an- 
other vein of granite, which contains crystallized gadolinites, some 
yttro-tantalites, and a variety of orthite, which has the curious 
property of taking fire before the flame of the blow-pipe, and of 
continuing to burn for some moments. It has received the name 
of pyrorthite. Besides the same constituents as the other orthite, it 
contains 25 per cent. of carbon. The gadolinite in this vein like- 
Wise contains carbon; but the quantity hardly amounts to half a per 
cent, 
