Researches respecting the radical of Benzoic Acid. 271 



Warmed with alkalies and water, this chloroide forms at the same 

 time a chloride of the metal and a benzoate of the alkali. 



In all these decompositions beside the benzoic and hydro-chloric 

 acids, no third body is formed, whence it clearly follows, that in this 

 compound, chlorine and benzoyl must be in such proportion, that by 

 the separation of water into its constituents, these last, exactly suffice 

 to form on the one side hydrochloric, and on the other anhydrated 

 benzoic acid, — the latter, at the moment of its formation, taking up 

 one atom of water. Hydrobenzoyl (bitter almond oil) consists of, 



(14C + 10H+2O)+2H. 



By the action of chlorine, two atoms of hydrogen unite with two 

 atoms of chlorine to form hydro-chloric acid, which is evolved. But 

 the hydrogen gives place to two atoms of chlorine according to the 



following formula; 



(14C + 10H+2O)+2CZ. 



With the constituents of water this body is decomposed in such a 

 manner that two atoms of hydrogen unite with two atoms of chlorine 

 to form hydrochloric acid, while the freed oxygen unites with ben- 

 zoyl and forms benzoic acid. 



By analysis we proved the correctness of the composition. We 

 dissolved it in dilute ammonia, super-saturated it with nitric-acid and 

 precipitated by the nitrate of silver. 0.719. grm. Chlorobenzoyl 

 gave 0.712 gm. chloride of silver. This gives for 100 pts. 24.423 

 of chlorine. 



Ignition with oxide of copper in the common w r ay, where the fluid 

 in small bulbs is placed in the ignition tube, proved altogether imprac- 

 ticable and indeed upon the grounds already mentioned. All these 

 experiments failed us, since every time, even by the most cautious 

 heating, the content of the small bulb, or the fluid present in the 

 oxide of copper, was at once converted into gas, and thereby ei- 

 ther the oxide was converted into the chloride of calcium, or a part 

 of the substance was carried away unignited. 



It was therefore necessary to introduce the weighed fluid by drops 

 among the oxide of copper ; by a slow progressive heating we suc- 

 ceeded perfectly in terminating the ignition without difficulty. 



0.534 gm. Chlorobenzoyl yielded 1.188. carbonic acid and 1.180 

 of water, which in 100 pts. gives, 



Carbon, 



Hydrogen, 

 Oxygen, 



Chlorine, 



60.83 



3.74 

 11.01 



24.42 



