Aérial Navigation. 19 
must be sufficient for a person to stand in, and move his hands freely. 
All the circular hair lines between the spiral wire EF GH, and the hoop 
efgh, represent small wires woven through the flattened shafts. On 
these wires the balancing valves are to be hung, the same as in figure 
1, only that the slips must be circular, of various sizes, and it will 
require a number to make one whole circular valve; part are restrain- 
ed to EFGH, and part to efgh. W represents a circular balancing 
valve, wv, its balance wire. Or these circular wires can. be eross 
wired and the valves similarly hung as those first described. ABCD 
represent a large, strong, wooden ring or hoop whose circumference 
or diameter must be somewhat less than the circumference or diameter 
of the middle of all the flattened shafts. ac, 6d, represent two strong 
rods firmly fastened by their ends into the circumference of the hoop 
or ring ABCD at right angles to each other.. SS represent the car 
which is to be strongly fastened to the rods a, ¢, 6, d. 1, 2, 3,4, 5, 
6, 7, 8 represent standard braces, which are to be each about two 
feet long: two standards make one brace, and there must be one brace 
to every flattened shaft; the upper ends of the standards of each 
brace are to be firmly joined, while their lower ends should spread 
about a foot. The upper end of each brace is to be moveably hung 
by hinges or staples to the middle of each of the flattened shafts, 
or that part of each shaft, where the weight and superficies are 
nearest balanced. The other ends of the brace must likewise be 
moveably fastened, by hinges or staples, to the ring or hoop ABCD, 
when the braces are hung to the flattened shafts and the ring or hoop 
ABCD ; their lower ends ought to incline in, towards the car, so as 
to make an angle of about forty degrees, with a vertical line or that 
of gravity. The frame being constructed, wired and valved, the 
aéronaut is to enter the car, stand upright and with his hands take 
hold of any two opposite sides of the hoop efgh, and raise it up and 
down, when it will give the wing or wings the intended motion, I 
shall now illustrate the balancing principle of motion. 
In figure 1, as all the weight is to be suspended from the axles 
EE, ee, and all the valves are hung on the underside of the wings, 
$0.as to open about forty degrees downwards, when the aéronaut 
raises the handles K, &, quickly up, all the valves between the axles 
EE, ee, open and let the incumbent air through, while those beyond 
close air tight, and strike the air proportionally to the quickness of 
the motion. When he brings the handles down quickly, all the valves 
between the axles EE, ce, close, air tight, and strike the air similarly, 
