22 Aérial Navigation. 
Having now shown the proper shape for a balloon and the manner of 
attaching wings, represented in figure 1 and 2, to it, I shall now de- 
scribe the pilot car, passenger or observer car and their uses. The 
pilot car is represented in figure 1 by L, in figure 2, by SS._ It is to be 
immediately attached to the wings and only of a sufficient size for one 
person unless the wings are very large. This car is to be occupied 
only by the mover of the wings, who is to be the pilot and governor 
of the balloon and all its courses and motions. It is to be supplied 
with a small compass and chart of the country. over which it is in- 
tended to sail, a light seat to be occupied by the pilot in descent or 
when the wings are at rest; and a valve in its bottom opening upward 
sufficiently large for the passage of the pilot either in or out, or up- 
wards or downwards. Its depth is to be such, that when the pilot 
stands upright and the wings lie level on the air, his hands, when 
suspended, will be even with them or their handles K, &, ¢, f, g, h. 
The passenger or observer car is to be suspended about five or six 
feet below the pilot car, or ten or twelve below the balloon, by means 
of strong cords, immediately fastened to the lower edge of the re- 
ticulated envelope of the balloon, and extending through the wings 
at their axles, so as not to. be anywise dependent for elevation on their 
percussion. This car is intended to be the deposit of all things 
carried in the air, or conveyed through it, passengers, observers, ob- 
serving and meteorological instruments, ballast, necessaries, &c. ex- 
cept those specified for the pilot car. If the balloon is designed to 
carry but one person, he is to occupy the pilot car, while a few 
pounds of ballast must occupy the passenger or observer. car, to keep 
the wings steady during motion, and in case the balloon should break 
or burst, to prevent its overturning, or vacillating too much during 
the descent. The size, weight, and strength of this car and its at- 
tachment to'the balloon, must correspond with the size or ascensive 
power of the balloon, the number of passengers, observers, &c., or 
the intended weight to be carried, or gravity overcome; while -that 
of the pilot car will be uniform. The pilot car is intended to oc- 
cupy an intermediate position between the ascensive power of the 
balloon and the gravity of the passenger or observer car, and what is 
in it; so that the pilot can give either the ascendency with the wings 
at pleasure. The passenger or observer car must likewise be supplied 
with a light strong cord of one hundred or two hundred feet long, a 
windlass and small anchor, to stop further progression, in case of ne- 
cessity, during a swift wind. 
