30 



SILVA OF JSfOliTII AMERICA, 



ANONACE^. 



the Live Oak^ the Mastic, the Pigeon Plum, the Lanoewood, the Eed Mulberry, the Gumbo Limbo d 

 the Bhick Calabash. ' 



The Avood of Anona glabra is light, soft, and not strong, and contains numerous large open scat- 

 tered ducts ; it is light brown streaked with yellow, and has, when perfectly diy, a specific gravity of 

 0.5053, a cubic foot of the dry wood weighing 31.49 pounds.^ 



Anona cjlalm was first made known by Catesby.^ He gave no locality for the plant, which he 

 probably obtained from the Bahama Islands, where it was seen by Michaux in 1789.^ The excellent 

 figure of Anona (jJahra in iU Birds of America shows that Audubon, who visited south Florida Tu 

 1835, was the first naturalist to detect this tree in North America. His discovery was overlooked 

 however, by botanists, and Anona glabra was not recognized as a Florida plant until 1859, when it 

 was found by Dr. J. G. Cooper ^ on the shores of Bay Biseayne. 



^ No difference cau be detected between the Iieartwood and sap- 

 wood in tlic specimens examined, although it is possible that the 

 trees from which they were taken were not old enough to form 

 he art wood. 



^ Anona maxima, folus latis fructu maxima luteo conoide, cortice 

 glabra, Nat. Hist. Car. ii. G4, t. 04. 



Anona fructu viridi Imvi, Pyri inversi forma, Nat. Hist. Car. U. 

 67, t. 67. 



3 Jour, in Proc. Am. Phil. Soc. xxvi. 51. There are two entries 

 in Michaux's Journal which indicate that he may have found Anona 

 glabra on the cast coast of Florida. No specimens, however, are 

 preserved in his herbarium, and his remarks may refer to one of 

 the large-flowered dwarf Aslminas. (Journal, 32, 33.) 



^ J. G. Cooper, horn in New York June 19, 1830, graduated from 

 the College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York in 1853. He 

 received soon after graduation the appointment of naturahst and 

 surgeon to the expedition organized under the leadership of General 



Isaac I. Stevens, to explore a northern route for a railroad to the 

 Pacific Ocean. The scientific fruits of this journey wore published 

 in volume xii. part 2 of the Pacific Kaiiroad Reports. Dr. Cooper 

 devoted much attention for several years to studying the geograph- 

 ical distribution of North American trees, the results of these 

 investigations being published in the reports of the Smithsonian In- 

 stitution for 1858 and 1800. He visited south Florida in 1859, and 

 made several interesting botanical discoveries there. Dr. Cooper, 

 as surgeon of a government exploring expedition, had an opportu- 

 nity in ISOO of seemg the country between Fort Benton on the Mis- 

 souri River and the waters of the Columbia. The results of his 

 observations upon the trees of this region were published in the 

 third volume of the Ainerican Naturalist, in an article entitled The 

 Trees of Montana. He joined during the same year the Natural 

 History Survey of California as a member of the zoological staff, 

 and is still a resident of that state. 



EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES. 



Plate XVII. A>.-o^a glauha. 



1. A flowering branch, natural size. 



2. Diagram of a flowei'. 



3. Vertical section of a flower, natural size. 



4. A flower, the sejials and petals removed, natural size. 



5. A flower, the petals and stamens removed, natural size. 

 G. A stamen, anterior view, enlarged. 



7. A stamen, posterior view, enlarged. 



8. Vertical section of an ovary, enlarged. 



9. Cross section of an ovary, enlarged. 

 10. An ovule, much enlarged. 



Plate XVIII. Axo.va glabra. 



1. A fruit, natural size. 



2. Section of a fruit, natural size. 



3. A seed, with its aril laid open, natural size, 



4. A seed, natural size. 



5. Vertical section of a seed, natural size. 

 G. Cross section of a seed, natural size. 

 7. An embryo, much enlarged. 



