46 



SILVA OF NOUTH AMERICA. 



TERNSTR(EMIACE^. 



which they proposed for it in honor of their distingnished friend and neighbor, Benjamin Franldin ^ 

 Di\ Moses Marshall^ visited the same locality in 1790 and saw Franklinia. No botanist since 1790 

 however, has seen the plant growing wild, and all efforts to find it in the original locality or elsewhere 

 have been unsuccessful.^ 



Gordonia Altamaha was introduced into gardens by the Bartrams,' and reached England as early 

 as 1774.' In cultivation it forms a low spreading shrubby tree, with a short stout trunk covered with 

 smooth dark brown bark. It is hardy in the United States as far north as Philadelphia, and flourishes 

 in England and in central Europe. It grows well in rich light loam near water, and may be propagated 

 by layers. 



^ William Bartram, Trav. 16, 467. 



2 Moses Marshall (1758-1813), a nephew of the distinguished 

 West Chester hotaiiist, Humphrey Marshall, autlior of the Arbustum 

 Americanum, with whom he was associated during several years in 

 hotanieal enterprises, made several long exploring journeys through 

 the southern and southwestern parts of the country for the purpose 

 of collecting plants and seeds for English correspondents. 



» W. H, Kavenel, Am, Nat xvi. 235. 



^ All the specimens of Franklinia in cultivation are descendants 

 of the plants collected by the Bartrams and by Marshall, or of those 

 raised from the seed gathered by William Bartram in 1778. The 

 specimen planted by John Bartram in his garden near Philadelphia 

 was described as fifty feet high by William Wynne, writing to Lou- 



don's Gardener's Magazine (viii. 272) in November, 1831, when the 

 tree was in flower. A notice of this tree, or perhaps of a younger 

 one, as it is said to be only about thirty feet in height, was pub- 

 lished in 1853 by Mr, Thomas Meehan in The American Hand Book 

 of Ornamental Trees, 121. The large tree in Bartram's garden was 

 blown do\vn a few years ago. There is one of its descendants, now 

 about twenty-five feet high, in the garden of Mr. William De Hart 

 in Philadelphia, and there are trees nearly as large in Fairmoimt 

 Park in that city, and in the nurseries of Mr. Thomas Mcchan at 

 Germantown. Our figure has been made from specimens from the 

 German town tree. 

 ^ Aiton, HorL Kew, ii, 231. 



EXPLANATION OF THE PLATE. 



Plate XXII. Gordonia Altamaha. 



1. A flowering branch, natural size. 



2. A fruiting branch, natural size. 



3. Diagram of a flower. 



4. Vertical section of a flower, natural size. 



5. A stamen, enlarged- 



6. A pistil, enlarged, 



7. An ovulCj much enlarged. 



8. Vertical section of a carpel, natural size. 



9. A seedj natural size- 



