

[Vol. 2 

 72 ANNALS OF THE MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN 



Euphrasia officinalis, Festuca ovina, Gnaphalium norvegicum, 

 Juniperus communis, Lotus corniculatus, Luzula campestris, 

 L. pilosa, Maianthemum bifolium, Melampyrum sylvaticum, 

 Nardus stricta, Pedicularis Oederi, Peristylis viridis, Phleum 

 alpinum, Poa alpina, Pyrola minor, Rhinanthus minor, Soli- 

 dago Virgaurea, Trientalis europaea, Vaccinium Myrtillus, 

 V. uliginosum, V. Vitis-Idaea, and Vicia Cracca. 



Where the soil is deeper and damper, and along streams 

 and in shady places, Salix glauca, S. hastata, S. lanata, 8. lap- 

 ponum, 8. Myrsinites and their hybrids make their appear- 

 ance. The vegetation here is more luxuriant, as in addition 

 to most of the above-named, the following species are found: 

 Aconitum septentrionale, Agrostis rubra, Alchemilla vul- 

 garis var. alpestris, Aira alpina, A. caespitosa, Bartschia 

 alpina, species of Car ex, Equisetum hiemale, Geranium sylva- 

 ticum, Gymnadenia conopea, Monlia font ana, Mulgedium 



alpinum, Myosotis sylvatica, Orchis maculata, Polygonum 

 viviparum, Pinguicula vulgaris, Polemonium caeruleum, Ran- 

 unculus platanifolius, Rumex Acetosa, Saussurea aljtina, 

 Selaginella spinulosa, Soyera paludosa, Spiraea Ulmaria, 

 Viola biflora, and others. Many of these species occur right 

 down to sea-level, some also higher up in the next zone; but 

 as they are always found in the Birch Zone and have their 

 most abundant development there, it is best to refer them 

 to that zone. 



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IV. 'HIE ZONK OF DWARF WILLOWS 



This zone occupies the northeast part of the Yarai 

 peninsula in Finmark and the mountains above the birch 

 limit, up to a height which, in the southernmost point, may 

 be put at 4,133 feet above the sea. It is thus only the tops 

 of the highest mountains which rise like islands above this 

 zone. The mean summer temperature here will be from 

 8.5 to 4.3 °C, according to the height and situation in higher 



tudes. The composition of 



°reatry 



!-> 



according to the moisture conditions of the soil, which in 

 their turn to some extent depend on exposure to the sun, 

 south slopes being dry, north slopes damp. 



