1915] 



WILLE FLORA OF NORWAY 87 



glutinosa, A. incana, Andromeda polifolia, Betula verrucosa, 

 Carex Pseudocyperus, Cladium Mariscus, Corylus Avellana, 

 Eriophorum vaginatum, Isoetes lacustris, Linnaea borealis, 

 Lycopus europaeus, Naias marina, Nuphar luteum, Oxycoccus 

 microcarpus, Rhamnus Frangula, Rubus Idaeus, Salix aurita, 

 Scheuchzeria palustris, Solanum Dulcamara, Spiraea Ulmaria, 



and Ulmus montana. 



In addition to these, Gunnar Andersson has found in 

 Swedish peat-bogs from the pine period the following species : 

 Calla palustris, Caltha palustris, Carex riparia (?), C. vesi- 

 caria, Ceratophyllum demersum, Cornus sanguinea, Crataegus 

 monogyna, Eriophorum angustifolium, Galium palustre, Iris 

 Pseudacorus, Myriophyllum alterniflorum, Naias flexilis, 

 Myrtillus nigra, Naumburgia thyrsiflora (?), Oxalis Aceto- 

 sella, Pedicularis palustris, Potamogeton pectinatus, Prunus 

 Padus, Ranunculus repens, Rubus saxatilis, Rumex Hydro- 

 lapathum, R. maritimus, Sorbus Aucuparia, Sparganium 

 ramosum, Thalictrum flavum, Tilia cordata, Viburnum 

 Opulus, and Viola palustris. 



But several of these latter species did not get as far as 

 Norway until the succeeding warmer period, and we shall 

 therefore find them again in the list of fossils that have been 

 found in peat-bogs from the Oak Period. A few of them 

 may also have immigrated by other routes, as a land connec- 

 tion with Sweden was established not only in the south but 

 also in the east, the ice having withdrawn to the interior 



of the country, and at the close of the Ancylus Period prob- 

 ably melted away entirely. Various discoveries go to prove, 

 for instance, that Alnus glutinosa migrated into Norway from 

 the south, while Alnus incana came from the east. 



There are in Norway two quite distinct forms of Pinus 

 sylvestris L., which by some botanists are given as species, 

 namely, var. septentrionalis Schotte, and var. lapponica (Fr.) 

 Hn. The second of these, which is found in abundance in 

 Finland and the far north of Sweden, also grows in Norway, 

 especially in the north, and on the mountains farther south, 

 where here and there it pushes down into the valleys. It may 

 be assumed that this P. sylvestris var. lapponica did not im- 



