1915] 



BESSEY PHYLOGENETIC TAXONOMY 143 



or circumscissilely ; endosperm fleshy. Primula, Androsace, 

 Lysimachia, Cyclamen, Dodecatheon. (Pf. 4 1 : 98.) 



Family 162. Plantaginaceae. Plantains. Herbs with 



clustered radical leaves, or alternate or opposite stem leaves ; 

 stamens alternate with the petals; ovary mostly 2-celled; 

 ovules many; placenta axile; fruit a capsule dehiscing circum- 

 scissilely ; endosperm fleshy. Plantago. (Pf. 4 3b :363.) 



Family 163. Plumbaginaceae. Leadworts. Herbs with 

 alternate or clustered leaves; stamens opposite the petals; 

 pistil 5-carpellary, one-celled, with one basal, anatropous 

 ovule; fruit capsular; dehiscence valvate or irregular; endo- 

 sperm copious. Plumbago, Armeria. (Pf. 4 1 :116.) 



Family 164. Myrsinaceae. Trees and shrubs with mostly 

 alternate leaves; stamens attached to the lower part of the 

 corolla tube ; ovules usually few ; fruit a drupe or berry ; endo- 

 sperm fleshy. Myrsine, Ardisia. (Pf. 4 1 : 84.) 



Family 165. Theophrastaceae. Tropical trees and shrubs 

 closely related to the preceding family, and sometimes in- 

 cluded in it, but with many ovules. Theophrasta, Jacquinia. 

 (Pf. 4 1 :88.) 



S u p e r-0 r d e r Strobiloideae-Sympetalae-Dicarpellatae. 

 Carpels typically two, united ; petals united. Flowers mostly 

 perfect, from actinomorphic to zygomorphic. 



Order Gentianales. Corolla actinomorphic (regular), 

 mostly pentamerous ; stamens alternate with the corolla-lobes, 



and usually of the same number and attached to the tube; 



leaves opposite (rarely alternate). (Species about 4664.) 



f 



Family 166. Oleaceae. Olives. Shrubs and trees (rarely 

 herbs) with mostly opposite leaves, and tetramerous flowers; 

 corolla-lobes mostly valvate or 0; stamens 2 (or 4); ovary 

 2-celled ; ovules 1-3 ; endosperm present or 0. Syringa, Olea, 

 Jasminum, Fraxinus. (Pf. 4 2 : 1.) 



Family 167. Salvadoraceae. Mostly tropical shrubs and 

 trees, with opposite undivided leaves, and tetramerous or pen- 

 tamerous flowers; corolla-lobes imbricated; stamens 4; ovary 

 2-celled; ovules 2 ; endosperm 0. Salvador a. (Pf. 4 2 : 17.) 



