1915] 



BESSEY PHYLOGENETIC TAXONOMY 155 



dimensions. Peireskia, Opuntia, Cereus, Carnegiea, Echino- 

 cactus, Melocactus, Cactus, Rhipsalis. (Pf. 3 6a :156.) 



Order Celasteales. Keceptacle often developing a gland- 

 ular, annular or turgid disk, which is sometimes adnate to the 

 pistil, in which case the pistil is more or less inferior ; pistil 1 

 to many-celled (rarely apocarpous) ; ovules 1-3, pendulous or 

 erect; endosperm present or 0. Flowers actinomorphic and 

 mostly perfect. (Species about 2741.) 



Family 236. Rhamnaceae. Buckthorns. Trees and shrubs 

 often climbing, with alternate or opposite, simple leaves; 

 petals present ; disk more or less adnate to the 2-4-celled pistil ; 

 ovules 1 or 2, erect; endosperm fleshy. Zizyphus, Rhamnus, 

 Ceanothus, Phylica, Colletia. (Pf. 3 5 :393.) 



Family 237. Vitaceae. Grapes. Climbing shrubs (and 

 trees) with alternate, simple or compound leaves ; petals coher- 

 ent, valvate; pistil superior, 2-celled, 2-ovuled (or 3-6-celled, 

 1-ovuled) ; endosperm often ruminate. Vitis, Parthenocissus, 

 Cissus. (Pf. 3 5 :427.) 



Family 238. Celastraceae. Bittersweets. Shrubs (often 

 climbing) and trees, with usually alternate, simple leaves; 

 petals present, imbricated; disk more or less adnate to the 

 2-5-celled pistil; ovules usually 2, erect or pendulous; endo- 

 sperm fleshy. Euonymus, Celastrus, Cassine. (Pf. 3 5 : 189.) 



Family 239. Buxaceae. Boxes. Evergreen shrubs and 

 trees, with alternate or opposite leaves, and usually monoe- 

 cious, small, apetalous flowers ; stamens 4 ; pistil tricarpellary, 

 superior; endosperm fleshy. Pachysandra, Buxus. (Pf. 

 3 5 :130.) 



Family 240. Aquifoliaceae. Hollies. Trees and shrubs, 

 with alternate or opposite, simple leaves and small, perfect 

 flowers ; pistil superior, 3 to many-celled ; ovule 1, pendulous ; 

 endosperm fleshy. Ilex, Nemo panthes. (Pf. 3 5 :183.) 



Family 241. Cyrillaceae. South American evergreen 

 shrubs or small trees, with alternate leaves ; sepals 5 ; petals 5 ; 

 stamens 5-10 ; carpels 2-5, united, superior ; endosperm fleshy. 

 Cy villa. (Pf. 3 5 :179.) 



