[Vol. 2 



288 ANNALS OF THE MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN 



species and their distribution may further such an inquiry is 

 the object of the present paper. 



Among the more general discussions, there are to be men- 

 tioned first those connected with the geographical distribu- 

 tion in the Arctic Ocean. Kjellman's extensive and funda- 

 mental paper 'Algae of the Arctic Sea' ('83) led the way 

 and placed at the disposal of future students a very con- 

 siderable amount of data and brought forward certain funda- 

 mental points of view as to a division of the arctic marine 

 ilora into provinces, as well as a consideration of the condi- 

 tions underlying this division. This work was the result of 

 the working over of very considerable collections of the vari- 

 ous Swedish expeditions into the Arctic Ocean and a careful 

 examination of all other existing data. 



Later, Rosenvinge ( '93, '98, '98% '98") published a series of 

 papers dealing with the marine flora of Greenland, and Jons- 

 son ('03, '03% '04, '12) has also published on the same subject 

 as well as on the algae of Iceland and Jan Mayen. 



Finally, somewhat over twenty years after Kjellman's 

 paper, Simmons ('05) surveyed the whole matter, revised all 

 tabulations of the Arctic flora and brought forward further 

 views together with a full discussion of all literature bearing 

 upon the subject. 



In these various papers and others not referred to specific- 

 ally, the North Polar Sea is defined and delimited from the 

 Northern Atlantic and Northern Pacific Oceans. The condi- 

 tions under which marine algae occur in the Polar regions as 

 well as the differences between the conditions of the various 

 portions of its waters are also determined and discussed. 



The North Atlantic has also been treated of, but more flor- 

 istically than as to uniformity, or differences, of physical con- 

 ditions affecting the flora. A considerable part of the discus- 

 sion regarding the North Atlantic Ocean has centered about 

 the Faeroes. Simmons ('97), Borgesen ('02, '05), Por- 

 sild and Simmons ('04), and Borgesen and Jonsson ('05), 

 have discussed the marine flora of these islands together 

 with its relation to other North Atlantic floras and ocean cur- 

 rents. Reinke ('89), Svedelius ('01), and Kylin ('06, '07), 



