1915] 



SETCHELL — DISTRIBUTION OF MARINE ALGAE 289 



have considered the algal flora of the Baltic Sea and its rela- 

 tion to that of the North Atlantic from points of view both 

 floristic and as to physical conditions. Harvey ('58), Far- 

 low ('81), and Collins ('00), have dealt similarly with the 

 algal flora of the northeastern coast of North America, and 

 Borgesen and Jonsson ( '05) have made an extended floristic 

 comparison between the floras of the North Atlantic and those 

 of the polar or arctic seas. 



For the antarctic and subantarctic regions, the work even 

 of floristic comparison is still hampered by incomplete knowl- 

 edge. The foundations were laid by Hooker ('45) in the 

 'Cryptogamia Antarctica' in which there are scattered notes 

 on distribution. Skottsberg ('06) published his ' Observa- 

 tions on the Vegetation of the Antarctic Sea' and later ('07) 



the first part of his antarctic and subantarctic work. The 

 latter has only floristic details with notes on distribution. 

 Gain ('12) has given a detailed discussion of the distribution 

 of the marine algae thus far credited to either the antarctic 

 or the subantarctic regions of the western hemisphere. Mur- 

 ray and Barton ('95) have given a comparison between the 

 arctic and antarctic marine floras, and Mme. Lemoine ( '12) 

 has made a similar comparison limiting it, however, to the 



species of crustaceous Corallinaceae. 



The distribution of marine algae in the warmer portions 

 of the oceans, Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian, has not been so 

 much considered as that of the colder portions, although very 

 considerable floristic work has been done. Murray ( '93) pub- 

 lished a comparison of the marine floras of the warm Atlantic, 

 Indian Ocean, and the Cape of Good Hope. Yendo ('02) has 

 made definite statements about the distribution on the coasts 

 of Japan. Saunders ('01) and Setchell and Gardner ('03) 

 have dealt with the northwest coast of North America, and 

 Schmitz ('96) and Schroeder ('12) have called attention to 

 the relations between the marine flora of East Africa and 

 those of the East Indies and of the central Pacific Ocean. 



Various papers and floras have considered distribution, 

 such as bathymetric zonal distribution or according to vary- 

 ing substratum, salinity, etc., within limited regions, prov- 



