1916] 
DUGGAR—RHIZOCTONIA SOLANI 7 
gesting that the figures would indicate a closer relationship to 
Hormiscium or Torula. Since many of the American stud- 
ies upon the potato and damping off fungus had previously 
been examined by him, as the account of Rhizoctonia indicates, 
it is surprising that the possibility of the identity of the 
‘‘Vermehrungspilz’’ with Rhizoctonia was not suggested. 
In his discussion of the fungus Ruhland (208) considers the 
earlier work of Aderhold, Beauverie, and Sorauer. Special 
attention is given to that of Beauverie, and Ruhland takes the 
view that while in all probability the disease discussed by that 
investigator is the same as the disease of propagating-beds 
in Germany, Beauverie's cultures of Botrytis were not those 
of the disease-inducing organism. Ruhland studied the or- 
ganism in culture, confirms the previous descriptions of my- 
celium, Monilia-like cells, structure of the sclerotia, ete. He 
would regard the sclerotia as sclerotial-like bodies (pseudo- 
sclerotia), owing to the fact that the structure is homogeneous 
throughout. Cultures of the fungus here discussed and of 
Botrytis cinerea were studied in parallel series with respect 
to the capacity to ferment cellulose, and it was found that 
while this capacity is possessed to a considerable degree by 
Botrytis, as had been previously established, the cellulose-dis- 
solving capacity of the **Vermehrungspilz" is very low. He 
finds that in the development of the Monilia-like cells there is 
only a superficial resemblance to Monilia, since the spores of 
the latter are produced basipetally, while those of the seed- 
bed fungus are formed aeropetally. The development of scle- 
rotia from the Monilia-like masses is also noted. Apparently, 
he concluded that the old cells of the Monilia-like chains, as 
well as those of the sclerotia, were empty, hence incapable of 
germination. Earlier studies of Rhizoctonia have, however, 
shown clearly that many old cells of this type are capable of 
germination, and the peculiarities of this process have been 
figured and described (Duggar, '99). 
In Java a disease of the Cinchona seed-beds was reported 
by Moens (789). He describes the damping off of the seedlings 
as rapidly progressing radially, especially when the condi- 
tions are moist. 'The disease often begins at those points 
