1916] 
Еміс--Үкавт FUNGI 277 
(figure 3) are oval, 
2.84 3-6u. In acid 
yeast-water solution 
growth is very rapid; 
and in the presence 
of lactic and citric 
acids, only isolated 
colonies are forme 
on the bottom of the 
culture flask. In sug- 
ar nutrient solutions Fig. 8. Culture 3. Cellsx2000. 
it produces a sedi- 
ment of yeast cells and a thin film on the surface of the liquid. 
No spores are formed. 
Culture 4, Torula sp?—This white species of Torula, ob- 
tained from elderberry wine spontaneously fermented, de- 
velops in the same manner as the cultivated yeasts. The cells 
(fig. 4) are oval, 3-4 X 4-5» in diameter. Cultures in yeast 
water containing saccharose, dextrose, levulose, maltose, 
and lactose, develop rapidly, with a sediment of yeast cells 
and the formation of a thin film on the surface of the culture 
liquid. In yeast water containing succinic, citric, or acetic 
acids, the film on the surface of the culture liquid is white, 
opaque, and wrinkled. In the presence of tartaric and 
Fig. 4. Culture 4. Cellsx 2000. 
