1916] 
Еміс--Үкавт F'UNGI 301 
find but one species of Torula that is pathogenic for animals. 
Cao (’00) obtained positive results with nine of forty-one 
cultures of what he called Oidium. These results of Сао 
appear doubtful, for in many instances where the organisms 
were regained from the inoculated animals they were present 
in the brain. It is possible for fungi to live saprophytically 
in the intestines and after death spread to all parts of the 
body by a rapid growth in the blood vessels. These results 
of Cao, therefore, must be questioned as to their validity. 
Cultures of the twelve yeast-like fungi considered in this 
paper did not produce death in animals or the formation 
of lesions. Only three of the fungi were isolated from 
inoculated animals; and in these cases the organism was 
found in the intestines, and in only one animal was the 
ioculated organism found in the lungs. The organism found 
in the lungs of a guinea-pig may have developed in the 
blood vessels after death. A repetition with inoculations 
of these same organisms gave negative results. 
Conor USIONS 
From a review of the literature on animal pathology we 
find that fungi—not including bacteria—are of secondary im- 
portance in the formation of lesions in animal bodies and 
usually appear secondarily in infeeted tissues. 
On the other hand, certain fungi are to be considered of 
primary importance in those instances in which they prove 
toxie to animals if consumed in large quantities on infected 
foods. 
One hundred and eighty cultures of yeast-like fungi were 
obtained from 850 different sources, but only twelve of these 
grow on a blood-serum medium at 37°C. 
These twelve fungi include six cultures of Torula, five 
of Alternaria, and one of Oospora. 
One eulture of Torula and four of Alternaria produced 
small quantities of alcohol in sugar nutrient solutions. 
In acid yeast-water solutions all twelve of these organisms 
bring about a change in the acidity reaction, there being 
a decrease in the acidity of all the acid nutrient solutions 
