1917] 
DUGGAR—FUNGI IN PLANT DECOCTIONS 167 
using phenolphthalein as an indicator, and brought to ap- 
proximately + 15 Fuller’s scale,—standard HCl or NaOH 
being used to obtain the desired reaction. 
The reactions of the various natural decoctions on the 
Fuller scale were as follows: bean - 15, corn meal - 3, tur- 
nip + 11.5, sugar beet + 22.6, prune + 14.5, and potato 
+11.5. The bean and prune decoctions were left in the 
‘‘natural’’ condition, so that the duplicate cultures represent- 
ing columns I and II for these decoctions were equivalent, 
and in table 1 the dry weight data are repeated merely for 
the completion of the table. Immediately after the addition 
of the required acid or alkali to the other decoctions, a second 
titration was carried out and a further correction made. 
Special attention should be drawn to the fact that in I and 
II full strength decoctions were employed, while in Ш-УП 
the decoctions were one-half strength. In later series, not re- 
ported upon here, dilution of the decoctions has been avoided, 
or half strength ‘‘control’’ decoctions also employed. 
The cultures were made in duplicate in small Erlenmeyer 
flasks (125 сс. capacity), each containing 25 сс. of solution. 
The flasks were sterilized at 15 pounds pressure for 20 
minutes. 
It seemed desirable to employ fungi with somewhat dif- 
ferent habits of growth, including at least one parasitic 
species, and the following species were chosen, namely, 
Macrosporium commune, Aspergillus mger, Glomerella 
(Gloeosporium) Gossypii, and Penicillium expansum. Spores 
were taken from fresh cultures grown 7-10 days on potato 
agar, except in the case of Glomerella, which was grown on 
bean agar. Under aseptic conditions a strong spore suspen- 
sion for each organism was made in sterile distilled water, 
and 4 drops of a suspension were added to each flask in the 
series for that organism. All cultural operations were ex- 
ecuted in a transfer room in which all dust was thoroughly 
precipitated by steam. No contaminations resulted in any 
of the 256 cultures made. All the cultures were set up and 
taken down within one week of each other, while those with 
any one organism were arranged at the same time and held 
