26 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.87 



River series, the Cyclostomata are represented also by typical ex- 

 amples of the suborder Tubuliporina, with Stomatopora, Corynotrypa, 

 Proboscina, and Berenicea abundant until the Middle Silurian, where 

 a few species occur. In the Middle Devonian appeared the last 

 Paleozoic representatives of Tubuliporina, comprising a single species 

 of Corynotrypa from France and one from Ontario. Then in early 

 Mesozoic times species of this suborder reappear in large numbers, 

 forming the predominating Bryozoa throughout this era and continu- 

 ing in less abundance throughout the Cenozoic and into Eecent seas. 

 Curiously enough the range of the Hederelloidea occupies the interval 

 from the Silurian to the Permian, where the Tubuliporina are either 

 very rare or entirely absent. The relations of the lower Paleozoic to 

 the post-Paleozoic Tubuliporina, therefore, become as interesting a 

 question as those of the Hederelloidea to the Tubuliporina in general. 



Close study of the American Hederelloidea reveals a considerable 

 number of species, not all of which are described in this paper. A 

 typical Hederella from the Middle Devonian of Australia is also 

 herein described, and comments are made upon species of the several 

 genera known to occur in Europe, especially in the Eifel Devonian,^ 

 and in the Bohemian Silurian and Devonian.^ Furthermore, only 

 the species with incrusting zoaria belonging to the genera Hederella, 

 Beptaria, Hernodia, and the new genus Hederopsis are treated here. 

 In general these species usually have the appearance of giant examples 

 of Stomatopora or Proboscina, this resemblance being emphasized by 

 the same bulbUke ancestrula noted in some of them. However, the 

 Hederelloidea differ, first, in that the walls are less perforate than in 

 the Tubuliporina; second, each zooecium is separate and not merged 

 in a general crust; third, lateral budding occurs with probably a per- 

 forated plate of separation between the zooecia, represented at the 

 surface as a distinct suture line; and fourth, the zooecial aperture is 

 transversely elliptical and terminal, equaUng the width of the tubes. 

 This assemblage of characters seems to justify the suborder. 



Closely resembling the Hederelloidea and occurring in practically 

 the same geologic range are the Auloporidae, including the Monilo- 

 poridae of Grabau. This family, externally very similar but contain- 

 ing still larger tubular organisms, is now placed with the corals, 

 although its systematic position requires further study. A ready 

 method of distinction from the Reptariidae is that the Auloporidae 

 have terminal gemmation instead of lateral budding with no line of 

 separation at the surface, circular orifices, and thick imperforate 

 walls. 



' SoUe (Gerhard). Hederella, eine amerlkanische Bryozoen Qattung im rheinlschen Unterdevon., 

 Senckenbergiana, vol. 19, pp. 15-21, 1937. (//. rhenana and H. applicata, new species.) | 



' Prantl, Ferdinand. Revision of the Bohemian Paleozoic Reptariidae (Bryozoa), Acta Musei Nationalis 

 Pragae, vol. 1 (B), No. 6, pp. 73-84, pi. 4, 1938. 



