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PROCEEDIlirGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM 



VOL. 87 



arrived in the north, coming from South America in the middle 

 Phocene. These Opalinae angustae have been adopted by other North 

 American hosts and are spread throughout the continent. This sub- 

 genus of narrow species, recently evolved, has developed few sharply 

 demarcated species and its taxonomy is difficult, like that of the also 

 comparatively inodem genus Zelleriella. As to the Opalinae latae, 

 I feel that one can recognize more or less vaguely some subgrouping. 

 There seem to be at least ranarum-like forms and japonica-like forms, 



Figure 140.— Geographic distribution of the Opalinae latae. 



the latter distinguished by curved and often abruptly pointed posterior 

 ends and by smaller nuclei. 



In the group of species resembling 0. ranarum we may place the 

 following: 



0. ranarum (Ehrenberg) , in Rana and secondary hosts, Europe. 



0. r. smithi Metcalf, in Bufo, Japan. 



0. r. orbiculata, new subspecies, in Rana, Ceylon, Singapore. 



0. cincta Collin, in Bufo, Europe. 



O. bufoxena Metcalf, in Bufo, Manchuria. 



In the japonica group may be reckoned the following: 



O. japonica Sugiyama, in Rana, Japan. 

 O. japonica (?) Metcalf, in Rana, Java. 

 0. coracoidea Bezzenberger, in Rana, "Asia," Ceylon. 

 0. c. lahorensis Bhatia and Gulati, in Bufo, India. 



O. camerunensis Metcalf, in a ranid, Cameroons, Africa, and two species from 

 the Pacific coast of North America. 



O. draytonii Metcalf, in Rana, California. 

 O. panamensis Metcalf, in Bufo, Panama. 



