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PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM 



VOL. 87 



southeastern Asia (Tonkin, China, and Lower Siam) bear Opalinas of 

 similar shape to 0. nucleolata, and their nuclei, much smaller, bear 

 each a single nucleolar mass. They may be classed as 0. nucleolata 

 siamensis, new subspecies. 0. malaysiae, new species, in a Siamese 

 Rana, is in form intermediate between the japonica group and 0. 

 nucleolata. Its nuclei are small and show numerous small nucleolar 

 disks, as is usual, instead of one or two overemphasized ones. 



I make no attempt to suggest the afl&nities of the huge 0. lata, 

 described by Bezzenberger, Observation of many individuals in 

 whole infections is necessary for this. 



^S 







FiGUEE 146.— Mercator's projection map showing land areas in dashed shading outlined by continuous 

 line, except that unexplored shores of Antarctica have dashed lines; ocean shallows as stippled areas out- 

 lined by dashed lines on the deep-seaward side; deeper ocean areas unshaded and outlined by dashed 

 lines. 



THE CLASSIFICATION AND DISTRIBUTION OF THE ANURA 



Pipidae: 



Pipinae, the Guianas, no opalinids found. 

 Xenopodinae, tropical and southern Africa. 



DiSCOGLOSSIDAE : 



Discoglossinae, Euro-Asia with northern Africa 



II. 

 Ascaphinae, extreme northwestern United States 



genus II. 

 Liopelminae, New Zealand. No opalinids, because no larvae. 

 Pelobatidae: Western Europe, southern and southwestern Asia, Malaysia, 



Papuasia. Protoopalinae of subgenera II, III, and VI, and Opalinae 



angustae (lately evolved in North America). 

 Archaic Bufonidae: Australia, Neotropics, Ethiopia, India, Java. Opalinids 



not studied, except one Protoopalina and two Zelleriellas, in South America. 

 Bufo, cosmopolitan, except Madagascar and Australasia including Papua 



and New Zealand. Host to all opalinids it meets. 



Protoopalinae of subgenus I. 



Protoopalinae of subgenus 

 Protoopalina of sub- 



