UNIVALVES. 159 
situation, than he hastens to secure a safe retreat in 
some empty shell. This borrowed citadel, or armour, 
is borne about by the Carocol, who occasionally 
deserts it in quest of food, but on the slightest 
appearance of danger hastens to resume it with the 
utmost alacrity. Being too bulky to turn round in 
his dwelling, he obviates the inconvenience by walk- 
ing backwards into it, and filling up the entrance 
with his formidable claws ; where he sits looking out, 
and inflicting deadly gripes upon all who approach too 
near; the symptoms attendant on which are as dan- 
gerous as those produced by the bite of a scorpion. 
When grown too large for the comfortable occupation 
of his mansion, the Soldier-snail retires to the sea 
side, where he wounds some defenceless Buccinum, 
the shell of which is more commodious; turns out 
the owner, and occupies his dwelling. 
The Caracol Soldato of Carthagena resembles in 
its habits the Cancer Barnhardus, Diogenes, Soldier, 
or Hermet Crab; an industrious little animal, which 
commonly inhabits the coasts of Europe, and occupies 
himself in clearing the sea-shore of such fragments of 
small fish and marine insects as the waves have from 
time to time deposited. That beneficent Being who 
denies to the Larnhardus the coat of mail, in which he 
has invested every other individual of the same genus, 
compensates for the deficiency by instructing it to 
