588 MONOGRAPHS OF NORTH AMERICAN RODENTIA. 
again in diameter; and it further resembles the foregoing portion of the tract 
in the total absence of sacculation. I find nothing answering to a “sigmoid 
flexure”; but, for much of its length (two feet or more), the gut doubles on 
itself when in situ, being closely bound by a fold of mesentery not broader 
than the diameter of the intestine itself. In the specimen examined, the- 
contents of the bowel had begun to separate into fecal pellets about two feet 
from the anus, these masses finally assuming an ovoidal shape. 
The pancreas is a small organ, and very slender; it lies in the usual 
site, and its duct empties near that of the liver. 
The diver, of moderate size, is quadrilobate; the four lobes being as 
distinctly marked as those of the lungs, already described. The principal 
or cystic lobe is superior, and much the largest one; it is about 24 inches 
across (side to side of the animal) by 1} in the opposite direction, and irregu- 
larly oval, or rather trapezoidal, in shape, with a decided emargination of the 
front border near (to the left of) the gall-bladder. It is rather flat and thin 
for its length; the superior surface is smoothly convex, apposed to the dia- 
phragm; the under is irregularly flattened, being moulded upon the sub- 
cumbent lobes. About the middle of the right half of this lobe lies the gall- 
bladder, of large size (about that of a small almond); its fundus reaches the 
fore border of the lobe. Beneath this main lobe, on either side, and partly 
covered by it, lie the two next largest lateral lobes, right and left, having 
very little connection by hepatic substance with each other or with the main 
lobe. The right one is the smaller of the two, very flat, and irregularly 
circular; the other is likewise subcircular in most of its outline, but it sends 
off a long tapering process, which reaches over into the left hypochondrium. 
The remaining Spigelian division of the liver might in fact be described as 
two, since it consists of two “tails”, or processes, of hepatic substance, an 
inch or more in length; one, much larger than the other, and is itself bilobate; 
the smaller one, an extremely delicate process, about an inch long, lies, when 
a situ, in relation with (behind) the pyloric portion of the stomach. The 
cystic and hepatic ducts unite in a short (about half an inch) ductus communis 
choledochus, which empties in the duodenum an inch from the pylorus. 
Genito-urinary organs—The kidneys are rather oval than of the shape 
most familiar to the human anatomist, and which the name “kidney” is used 
to suggest in other connections; they are about an inch long by two-thirds 
as broad. The right kidney lies rather higher up than the left, its apex being 
