486 Zoological Society :• — 



northern and a tropical fauna." " It is only in this way I can account 

 for finding the representatives of tropical species, with others that are 

 found only (on the eastern coast of Asia) in the Arctic and, perhaps, 

 North Atlantic Oceans." That he is quite correct in this assumption 

 I think there can be little, if any, doubt ; for not only does it apply 

 to the Crustaceans, but with equal force to the Molluscous groups. 

 Several new species of shells, collected at the same time and in the 

 same localities as the Crustaceans, which were named and described 

 by Dr. Baird, with appended notes by myself, and published in the 

 Society's ' Proceedings' of last year, are identical in some cases, in 

 others closely allied to known species from Japan, Australia, and the 

 north shores of our own island. 



The tidal irregularities of this coast are perfectly inexplicable. In 

 May, June, and July, during the twenty-four hours there is but one 

 high and one low water ; at the change and full of the moon, high 

 tide happens near midnight, and varies but little as to time during 

 the three months. In August, September, and October .there are 

 two high and two low tides in the twenty-four hours. Then in the 

 winter months, November, December, and January, the regular twelve- 

 hour tides recur ; but high water is at twelve in the day, instead of 

 twelve at night. The spring tides range from 10 to 12 feet, the neaps 

 from 5 to 8. 



The temperature of the sea taken during the summer months near 

 the surface ranges from 52° to 56° F. The sea-water seldom, I may 

 say never, looks clear, but always presents a turbid muddy appearance, 

 as if a large quantity of sand was mixed with it. This may in some 

 measure be accounted for by assuming that strong undercurrents 

 flow from north to south, and, sweeping past the island and being 

 (from their high specific gravity) close to the bottom, stir up the sand 

 and mud. The sea-bottom in and adjacent to the numerous bays, 

 harbours, and long canals which, like the fiords of Norway and 

 Sweden, everywhere intersect the mainland and island coasts, varies 

 in accordance with the character of the bounding rocks : where trap, 

 soft clay-slates, or felspathic rocks form the coast-line, a thick blue 

 clay is the usual bottom ; where grits and sandstones, there it is 

 sandy. 



Little, if indeed anything, is as yet known of the deep-sea produc- 

 tions from the west side of the island, which will afford a rich har- 

 vest to future explorers. — J. K. Lord.] 



• PlJGETTIA LoRDII, n. S. 



Carapace quadrate behind the orbits ; the anterior portion ab- 

 ruptly narrowing and produced into a double rostrum, the horns 

 of which divaricate. The anterior extremity of the orbital margin 

 is produced to a sharp point, that is elevated slightly above the 

 beak ; the posterior extremity is defined by a distinct fissure. The 

 anterior hepatic region is produced by a tooth immediately pos- 

 terior to the postorbital fossa, laterally extended to an obtuse tooth 

 or point, and posteriorly separated from the branchial regions by a 

 decided fossa or lateral constriction. The branchial region is late- 



