Mr. A. G. Butler on the Genus Phrynus. 117 



XVII. — A Monographic Revision of the Genus Phrynus, with 

 Descriptions of Four remarkable neio Species. By ARTHUR 

 Gardiner Butler, F.L.S., F.Z.S., &c. 



[Plates VI. & VII.] 



The last list of the species of Phrynus was that published by 

 Gervais in the third volume of his ' Apteres ; ' since then the 

 two Kochs, Horatio Wood, and M. Lucas have all added spe- 

 cies, bringing the total number of known forms up to twenty; 

 one or two of these, however, will probably prove synonymous 

 with species previously described. In the present paper I 

 have added four new species, one of which possesses the cha- 

 racter, hitherto unknown in the genus, of a strongly serrated 

 front margin to the cfcphalothorax. 



In all published descriptions of Phrynides I have found one 

 very important character overlooked, namely the arrangement 

 of the teeth in the mandibles. This character will alone serve 

 to distinguish most of the species, and therefore should not be 

 neglected. The mandibles are easy to extract from dried 

 specimens, whilst with specimens in spirit this is unneces- 

 sary, for they can be drawn forward and examined without 

 difficulty. 



I have sketched the mandibles of most of the species in the 

 collection of the British Museum ; and I find that all the New- 

 World forms are characterized by the distinct bifurcation of 

 the first tooth in the lower mandible, this type of tooth being 

 rare in Old- World species. The toothing of the upper man- 

 dible differs more or less in the bulk of the species, even be- 

 tween species in which the toothing of the lower mandible is 

 identical. 



Genus Phrynus, Olivier. 



American Species. 



1. Phrynus cheir acanthus. PI. VI. fig. 1. 



Phrynus cheiracanthns, Gervais, Brit. Mus. 1842 ; Soc. Phil. Paris, in 

 Journ. l'Inst. p. 72 (1842) ; Apt. iii. p. 3. n. 3 (1844). 



Hab. Type, Demerara {Bowers) ; New Granada (Stahl- 

 schmidt). B.M. 



2. Phrynus gorgo. 



Phrynus gorgo, Wood, Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. vol. xiii., n. s., p. 440 

 (1869). 



Hab. "Peru" {Wood)- Para? B.M. 



We have one example of apparently this species, larger than 



