182 Miscellaneous. 



MISCELLANEOUS. 



Farther Additions to the Ichthyological Fauna of Zanzibar. 

 By Dr. A. Gunther. 



In the 'Annals and Magazine of Natural History' for 1868, i. 

 p. 457, I have mentioned several species of fishes previously not 

 known to exist on the coast of Zanzibar ; and I have now the 

 pleasure of adding some others, contained in a collection brought 

 home by Bartle Frere, Esq., who accompanied his father, Sir Bartle 

 Erere, on his mission to Zanzibar, and who kindly allowed me to 

 select desiderata for the British Museum. The new additions to the 

 Zanzibar fauna are the following : — 



1. Serranus sexmaculatus. 



2. Biagramma crassispinum. — This fish is new to the collection 

 of the British Museum. The specimen differs from the description 

 given by Riippell and Klunzinger in having rather irregular oblique 

 black bands on the body. It is nearly 8 inches long. 



3. Diagramma reticulatum. — The Zanzibar specimen agrees very 

 well with the typical specimens (see Fish. i. p. 334) ; but I have 

 some doubt whether this species is not identical with B. foetela. 

 Biippell had ascribed twelve dorsal spines to this latter species ; but 

 Klunzinger states that it has thirteen ; so that the number of dorsal 

 spines can no longer be considered a specific difference. This 

 Bpecies extends to Australia. 



4. Seriolichthys bipinnidatus. — A. Jg- | II. 



5. Acanthurus lineatus. 



6. Pseudoscarus strongylocephalus. 



7. Carcharias Bleekeri. — Previously known from a single specimen 

 from the Seychelles. 



8. Galeocerdo tigrinus. 



On the Skull of the Spectacled Bear of Peru and of the Helarctos 

 from Malacca and Java. By Dr. J. E. Gray, F.R.S., &c. 



The British Museum has lately received from Mr. "Whifcely, jun., 

 two skulls of different ages of the spectacled bear of Peru, which are 

 interesting as we have never before received any, and only knew it 

 from the figures of the skeleton and skull in Blainv. Osteogr. t. iv. 

 and t. viii., which belonged to a specimen described when living by 

 Frederic Cuvier. 



The skull of this bear has been referred to the genus Helarctos, of 

 which the Malayan bear is the type. 



The skull is very peculiar in the form of the large scar left by the 

 temporal muscle at the hinder part of the lower jaw, the scar only 

 occupying the end and the upper process, and being separated from 

 the rest of the jaw by a very large elevated plate occupying the 

 whole of the front edge of the muscle, thus giving a considerable 

 extent of attachment and consequent power to the latter. 



The outer side of the lower jaw, just in front of this elevated plate, 

 is furnished with a large, oblong, subtriangular concavity, about an 



