MM. Kowalevsky and Barrois on Anchinia. 7 
the space included between the two small superior ceca of the 
cloaca. Lastly, after having traversed this space it terminates 
at the upper part of the cesophagus, beyond which we have not 
been able to trace it. 
d. Muscles.—The muscles are not, like those of Doliolum, 
arranged in bands like the hoops of a barrel. We have only 
two circular muscles placed round each of the two apertures. 
To these two muscles at each end we have to add a very 
characteristic S-shaped muscle which occurs nearly in the 
middle of the body. This brings the number of muscles of 
the cutaneous envelope to five. All these muscles are coms 
posed of long fibre-cells. 
e. Apertures.—The incurrent and excurrent apertures are, 
as usual, furnished with papille. Those of the incurrent 
aperture are tolerably large and generally to the number of 
from eleven to thirteen, arranged as follows :—on the ventral 
side two pairs of large papilla; on the dorsal side two analo- 
gous pairs; and lastly, at the sides, between the preceding, 
sometimes one, sometimes two pairs of considerably smaller 
papille ; there is also on the dorsal side, on the median line 
above the aperture, a large unpaired papilla, furnished with 
red pigment. At the excurrent aperture the papille consist 
of small teeth regularly spaced to the number of seven on each 
side; further, on the dorsal side we see rise a long filament 
with red pigment, and into which the sphincter muscle of 
this aperture penetrates for two thirds of its length. 
This long filament occupies the same place as the dorsal 
stolon of Doliolum, and is not without resemblance in aspect 
to that stolon, at least in the young state before gemmation. 
Transverse sections show that it is filled with large very 
granular cells (fig. 9, cel/). The skin has not the same struc- 
ture as on the rest of the body; the layer which constitutes 
the wall is composed of a fibrous envelope (fb), having large 
cells (ec), somewhat analogous to the disseminated cells which 
are met with in the midst of the tunic. In the interior, in the 
midst of the large granular cells, we sometimes also find some 
of these cells ec. Atm, and on the side where the tunic is 
thinnest (the side turned towards the aperture), we see the 
section of the two muscles given off by the sphincter of the 
excurrent aperture. 
f. Digestive tube.—The digestive tube opens, on the one 
hand, at the upper part of the pharyngeal sac, and, on the 
other, in the median part of the cloaca. It is formed by a 
recurved tube, composed of an cesophagus, a stomach, and an 
intestine. The stomach, which is short and inflated, bears 
at its lower part a ramified gland, well known in the 
